Signal transduction and Th17 cell differentiation

The paradigm of effector T helper cell differentiation into either Th1 or Th2 lineages has been notably shaken by the discovery of a third lineage of cells that selectively produce interleukin (IL)-17. Characterization of this new subset, referred to as Th17, has provided exciting new insights into...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microbes and infection 2009-04, Vol.11 (5), p.599-611
Main Authors: O'Shea, John J., Steward-Tharp, Scott M., Laurence, Arian, Watford, Wendy T., Wei, Lai, Adamson, Adewole S., Fan, Samuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell Differentiation
Chromatin
Cytokines
Humans
IL-17
Interleukin-17 - immunology
Lymphocyte differentiation
Lymphocyte Subsets - cytology
Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology
Signal Transduction
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer - cytology
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer - immunology
Th17
Transcription factor
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Summary:The paradigm of effector T helper cell differentiation into either Th1 or Th2 lineages has been notably shaken by the discovery of a third lineage of cells that selectively produce interleukin (IL)-17. Characterization of this new subset, referred to as Th17, has provided exciting new insights into immunoregulation, host defense and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Additionally, the discovery of this T cell subset has offered a fresh look at such concepts as lineage commitment and terminal differentiation. The transcriptional regulatory events and epigenetic modifications that control these processes are diverse and complex, and despite the rapid pace at which data continue to accumulate, many questions remain to be answered. Here we review our current understanding of the signaling pathways, molecular interactions and transcriptional events that lead to Th17 differentiation and effector function, as well as the epigenetic modifications that accompany them.
ISSN:1286-4579
1769-714X
DOI:10.1016/j.micinf.2009.04.007