SLAM-family receptors: immune regulators with or without SAP-family adaptors

The signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of receptors and the SLAM-associated protein (SAP) family of intracellular adaptors are expressed in immune cells. By way of their cytoplasmic domain, SLAM-related receptors physically associate with SAP-related adaptors. Evidence is accumu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 2010-03, Vol.2 (3), p.a002469-a002469
Main Author: Veillette, André
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies - chemistry
Antigens, CD - chemistry
Antigens, CD - metabolism
Cell Differentiation
Humans
Immune System
Ligands
Lymphocytes - metabolism
Lymphoproliferative Disorders - diagnosis
Lymphoproliferative Disorders - genetics
Models, Biological
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Signal Transduction
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Summary:The signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of receptors and the SLAM-associated protein (SAP) family of intracellular adaptors are expressed in immune cells. By way of their cytoplasmic domain, SLAM-related receptors physically associate with SAP-related adaptors. Evidence is accumulating that the SLAM and SAP families play crucial roles in multiple immune cell types. Moreover, the prototype of the SAP family, that is SAP, is mutated in a human immunodeficiency, X-linked lymphoproliferative (XLP) disease. In the presence of SAP-family adaptors, the SLAM family usually mediates stimulatory signals that promote immune cell activation or differentiation. In the absence of SAP-family adaptors, though, the SLAM family undergoes a "switch-of-function," thereby mediating inhibitory signals that suppress immune cell functions. The molecular basis and significance of this mechanism are discussed herein.
ISSN:1943-0264
1943-0264
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a002469