Risk factors for encephalitis and death from West Nile virus infection

We conducted a nested case-control study to determine potential risk factors for developing encephalitis from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Retrospective medical chart reviews were completed for 172 confirmed WNV cases hospitalized in Houston between 2002 and 2004. Of these cases, 113 had encepha...

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Published in:Epidemiology and infection 2006-12, Vol.134 (6), p.1325-1332
Main Authors: MURRAY, K., BARANIUK, S., RESNICK, M., ARAFAT, R., KILBORN, C., CAIN, K., SHALLENBERGER, R., YORK, T. L., MARTINEZ, D., HELLUMS, J. S., HELLUMS, D., MALKOFF, M., ELGAWLEY, N., McNEELY, W., KHUWAJA, S. A., TESH, R. B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alcohol abuse
Arboviral encephalitis
Arboviroses
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular disease
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Diabetes mellitus
Disease control
Disease risk
Encephalitis
Encephalitis - epidemiology
Encephalitis - etiology
Encephalitis - mortality
Endothelium
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hepatitis C virus
Hispanic Americans
Homeless Persons
Hospitalization
Human viral diseases
Humans
Hypertension
Illicit drugs
Illnesses
Infections
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical laboratories
Medical records
Medical sciences
Meningitis
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Operating rooms
Patients
Population
Predisposing factors
Public health
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Software
Tropical viral diseases
Variance analysis
Viral diseases
West Nile Fever - complications
West Nile Fever - epidemiology
West Nile Fever - immunology
West Nile Fever - mortality
West Nile virus
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container_end_page 1332
container_issue 6
container_start_page 1325
container_title Epidemiology and infection
container_volume 134
creator MURRAY, K.
BARANIUK, S.
RESNICK, M.
ARAFAT, R.
KILBORN, C.
CAIN, K.
SHALLENBERGER, R.
YORK, T. L.
MARTINEZ, D.
HELLUMS, J. S.
HELLUMS, D.
MALKOFF, M.
ELGAWLEY, N.
McNEELY, W.
KHUWAJA, S. A.
TESH, R. B.
description We conducted a nested case-control study to determine potential risk factors for developing encephalitis from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Retrospective medical chart reviews were completed for 172 confirmed WNV cases hospitalized in Houston between 2002 and 2004. Of these cases, 113 had encephalitis, including 17 deaths, 47 had meningitis, and 12 were fever cases; 67% were male. Homeless patients were more likely to be hospitalized from WNV compared to the general population. A multiple logistic regression model identified age [odds ratio (OR) 1·1, P
doi_str_mv 10.1017/S0950268806006339
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L. ; MARTINEZ, D. ; HELLUMS, J. S. ; HELLUMS, D. ; MALKOFF, M. ; ELGAWLEY, N. ; McNEELY, W. ; KHUWAJA, S. A. ; TESH, R. B.</creator><creatorcontrib>MURRAY, K. ; BARANIUK, S. ; RESNICK, M. ; ARAFAT, R. ; KILBORN, C. ; CAIN, K. ; SHALLENBERGER, R. ; YORK, T. L. ; MARTINEZ, D. ; HELLUMS, J. S. ; HELLUMS, D. ; MALKOFF, M. ; ELGAWLEY, N. ; McNEELY, W. ; KHUWAJA, S. A. ; TESH, R. B.</creatorcontrib><description>We conducted a nested case-control study to determine potential risk factors for developing encephalitis from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Retrospective medical chart reviews were completed for 172 confirmed WNV cases hospitalized in Houston between 2002 and 2004. Of these cases, 113 had encephalitis, including 17 deaths, 47 had meningitis, and 12 were fever cases; 67% were male. Homeless patients were more likely to be hospitalized from WNV compared to the general population. A multiple logistic regression model identified age [odds ratio (OR) 1·1, P&lt;0·001], history of hypertension, including those cases taking hypertension-inducing drugs (OR 2·9, P=0·012), and history of cardiovascular disease (OR 3·5, P=0·061) as independent risk factors for developing encephalitis from WNV infection. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity (being black) (OR 12·0, P&lt;0·001), chronic renal disease (OR 10·6, P&lt;0·001), hepatitis C virus (OR 23·1, P=0·0013), and immunosuppression (OR 3·9, P=0·033) were identified as risk factors for death from WNV infection.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-2688</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-4409</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0950268806006339</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16672108</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EPINEU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol abuse ; Arboviral encephalitis ; Arboviroses ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cardiovascular disease ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diabetes mellitus ; Disease control ; Disease risk ; Encephalitis ; Encephalitis - epidemiology ; Encephalitis - etiology ; Encephalitis - mortality ; Endothelium ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MARTINEZ, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HELLUMS, J. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HELLUMS, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MALKOFF, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ELGAWLEY, N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McNEELY, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KHUWAJA, S. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TESH, R. B.</creatorcontrib><title>Risk factors for encephalitis and death from West Nile virus infection</title><title>Epidemiology and infection</title><addtitle>Epidemiol. Infect</addtitle><description>We conducted a nested case-control study to determine potential risk factors for developing encephalitis from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Retrospective medical chart reviews were completed for 172 confirmed WNV cases hospitalized in Houston between 2002 and 2004. Of these cases, 113 had encephalitis, including 17 deaths, 47 had meningitis, and 12 were fever cases; 67% were male. 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ispartof Epidemiology and infection, 2006-12, Vol.134 (6), p.1325-1332
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1469-4409
language eng
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source Cambridge Journals Online; JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection; PubMed Central
subjects Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alcohol abuse
Arboviral encephalitis
Arboviroses
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular disease
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Diabetes mellitus
Disease control
Disease risk
Encephalitis
Encephalitis - epidemiology
Encephalitis - etiology
Encephalitis - mortality
Endothelium
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hepatitis C virus
Hispanic Americans
Homeless Persons
Hospitalization
Human viral diseases
Humans
Hypertension
Illicit drugs
Illnesses
Infections
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical laboratories
Medical records
Medical sciences
Meningitis
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Operating rooms
Patients
Population
Predisposing factors
Public health
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Software
Tropical viral diseases
Variance analysis
Viral diseases
West Nile Fever - complications
West Nile Fever - epidemiology
West Nile Fever - immunology
West Nile Fever - mortality
West Nile virus
title Risk factors for encephalitis and death from West Nile virus infection
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