Nuclear reprogramming to a pluripotent state by three approaches

The stable states of differentiated cells are now known to be controlled by dynamic mechanisms that can easily be perturbed. An adult cell can therefore be reprogrammed, altering its pattern of gene expression, and hence its fate, to that typical of another cell type. This has been shown by three di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature (London) 2010-06, Vol.465 (7299), p.704-712
Main Authors: Blau, Helen M, Yamanaka, Shinya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/136/2444
631/136/532/2064
631/136/532/2435
631/1647/1513
Amphibians - embryology
Animals
Cell Fusion
Cellular Reprogramming - genetics
Cellular Reprogramming - physiology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA methylation
Embryonic development
Embryonic stem cells
Gene expression
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
Mammals
multidisciplinary
Nuclear Transfer Techniques
review-article
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Stem cells
Studies
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transduction, Genetic
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Summary:The stable states of differentiated cells are now known to be controlled by dynamic mechanisms that can easily be perturbed. An adult cell can therefore be reprogrammed, altering its pattern of gene expression, and hence its fate, to that typical of another cell type. This has been shown by three distinct experimental approaches to nuclear reprogramming: nuclear transfer, cell fusion and transcription-factor transduction. Using these approaches, nuclei from 'terminally differentiated' somatic cells can be induced to express genes that are typical of embryonic stem cells, which can differentiate to form all of the cell types in the body. This remarkable discovery of cellular plasticity has important medical applications.
ISSN:0028-0836
1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/nature09229