Bone regeneration mediated by biomimetic mineralization of a nanofiber matrix

Abstract Rapid bone regeneration within a three-dimensional defect without the use of bone grafts, exogenous growth factors, or cells remains a major challenge. We report here on the use of self-assembling peptide nanostructured gels to promote bone regeneration that have the capacity to mineralize...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomaterials 2010-08, Vol.31 (23), p.6004-6012
Main Authors: Mata, Alvaro, Geng, Yanbiao, Henrikson, Karl J, Aparicio, Conrado, Stock, Stuart R, Satcher, Robert L, Stupp, Samuel I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced Basic Science
Animals
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Biomineralization
Bone Regeneration
Bone scaffolds
Bones
Calcification, Physiologic
Crystal defects
Dentistry
Indexing in process
Male
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Molecular Mimicry
Nanocomposites
Nanofibers
Nanomaterials
Nanostructure
Peptide amphiphiles
Peptides
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Regeneration
Regenerative medicine
Surgical implants
Tomography
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Summary:Abstract Rapid bone regeneration within a three-dimensional defect without the use of bone grafts, exogenous growth factors, or cells remains a major challenge. We report here on the use of self-assembling peptide nanostructured gels to promote bone regeneration that have the capacity to mineralize in biomimetic fashion. The main molecular design was the use of phosphoserine residues in the sequence of a peptide amphiphile known to nucleate hydroxyapatite crystals on the surfaces of nanofibers. We tested the system in a rat femoral critical-size defect by placing pre-assembled nanofiber gels in a 5 mm gap and analyzed bone formation with micro-computed tomography and histology. We found within 4 weeks significantly higher bone formation relative to controls lacking phosphorylated residues and comparable bone formation to that observed in animals treated with a clinically used allogenic bone matrix.
ISSN:0142-9612
1878-5905
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.013