Citric acid inhibits development of cataracts, proteinuria and ketosis in streptozotocin (type 1) diabetic rats

Although many fruits such as lemon and orange contain citric acid, little is known about beneficial effects of citric acid on health. Here we measured the effect of citric acid on the pathogenesis of diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Although oral administration of citr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2010-02, Vol.393 (1), p.118-122
Main Authors: Nagai, Ryoji, Nagai, Mime, Shimasaki, Satoko, Baynes, John W., Fujiwara, Yukio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Advanced glycation end-product (AGEs)
Albuminuria - etiology
Albuminuria - prevention & control
Animals
Blood Glucose - drug effects
Body Weight
Cataract
Cataract - etiology
Cataract - prevention & control
Citric Acid - administration & dosage
Citric Acid - therapeutic use
Crystallins - metabolism
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications
Glycation End Products, Advanced - metabolism
Ketosis
Ketosis - etiology
Ketosis - prevention & control
Nephropathy
Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL)
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Streptozocin
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Summary:Although many fruits such as lemon and orange contain citric acid, little is known about beneficial effects of citric acid on health. Here we measured the effect of citric acid on the pathogenesis of diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Although oral administration of citric acid to diabetic rats did not affect blood glucose concentration, it delayed the development of cataracts, inhibited accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) such as Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) and Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) in lens proteins, and protected against albuminuria and ketosis. We also show that incubation of protein with acetol, a metabolite formed from acetone by acetone monooxygenase, generate CEL, suggesting that inhibition of ketosis by citric acid may lead to the decrease in CEL in lens proteins. These results demonstrate that the oral administration of citric acid ameliorates ketosis and protects against the development of diabetic complications in an animal model of type 1 diabetes.
ISSN:0006-291X
1090-2104
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.095