Novel phenotype issues raised in cross-national epidemiological research on drug dependence

Stage‐transition models based on the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) generally are applied in epidemiology and genetics research on drug dependence syndromes associated with cannabis, cocaine, and other internationally regulated drugs (IRDs). Difficulties with DSM stage‐transition m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2010-02, Vol.1187 (1), p.353-369
Main Author: Anthony, James C. (Jim)
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alcohol
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dependence
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Epidemiology
Female
Genotype & phenotype
Health Surveys
Humans
Male
Medical research
Models, Psychological
Phenotype
Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Substance-Related Disorders - psychology
tobacco
World Health Organization
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Summary:Stage‐transition models based on the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) generally are applied in epidemiology and genetics research on drug dependence syndromes associated with cannabis, cocaine, and other internationally regulated drugs (IRDs). Difficulties with DSM stage‐transition models have surfaced during cross‐national research intended to provide a truly global perspective, such as the work of the World Mental Health Surveys Consortium. Alternative simpler dependence‐related phenotypes are possible, including population‐level count process models for steps early and before coalescence of clinical features into a coherent syndrome (e.g., zero‐inflated Poisson [ZIP] regression). Selected findings are reviewed, based on ZIP modeling of alcohol, tobacco, and IRD count processes, with an illustration that may stimulate new research on genetic susceptibility traits. The annual National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) can be readily modified for this purpose, along the lines of a truly anonymous research approach that can help make NSDUH‐type cross‐national epidemiological surveys more useful in the context of subsequent genomewide association (GWAS) research and post‐GWAS investigations with a truly global health perspective.
ISSN:0077-8923
1749-6632
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05419.x