Antiviral activities of ISG20 in positive-strand RNA virus infections

Abstract ISG20 is an interferon-inducible 3′–5′ exonuclease that inhibits replication of several human and animal RNA viruses. However, the specificities of ISG20's antiviral action remain poorly defined. Here we determine the impact of ectopic expression of ISG20 on replication of several posi...

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Published in:Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2011-01, Vol.409 (2), p.175-188
Main Authors: Zhou, Zhi, Wang, Nan, Woodson, Sara E, Dong, Qingming, Wang, Jie, Liang, Yuqiong, Rijnbrand, Rene, Wei, Lai, Nichols, Joan E, Guo, Ju-Tao, Holbrook, Michael R, Lemon, Stanley M, Li, Kui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Antiviral
Bovine viral diarrhea virus
Cell Line
Exodeoxyribonucleases - genetics
Exodeoxyribonucleases - immunology
Exodeoxyribonucleases - metabolism
Exonucleases - genetics
Exonucleases - immunology
Exonucleases - metabolism
Flavivirus
Hepatitis A virus
Hepatitis C virus
Humans
Infectious Disease
Innate immunity
Interferon
ISG20
ISG20L1
ISG20L2
Molecular Sequence Data
Pestivirus
Picornavirus
RNA Viruses - immunology
RNA Viruses - physiology
RNA, Viral - metabolism
SARS coronavirus
Sequence Alignment
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Viral Load
Viral Plaque Assay
Virus Replication
Yellow fever virus
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Summary:Abstract ISG20 is an interferon-inducible 3′–5′ exonuclease that inhibits replication of several human and animal RNA viruses. However, the specificities of ISG20's antiviral action remain poorly defined. Here we determine the impact of ectopic expression of ISG20 on replication of several positive-strand RNA viruses from distinct viral families. ISG20 inhibited infections by cell culture-derived hepatitis C virus (HCV) and a pestivirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus and a picornavirus, hepatitis A virus. Moreover, ISG20 demonstrated cell-type specific antiviral activity against yellow fever virus, a classical flavivirus. Overexpression of ISG20, however, did not inhibit propagation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, a highly-pathogenic human coronavirus in Huh7.5 cells. The antiviral effects of ISG20 were all dependent on its exonuclease activity. The closely related cellular exonucleases, ISG20L1 and ISG20L2, did not inhibit HCV replication. Together, these data may help better understand the antiviral specificity and action of ISG20.
ISSN:0042-6822
1096-0341
DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2010.10.008