Fetal neurobehavioral effects of exposure to methadone or buprenorphine

Abstract As part of a double-blind study of medication treatment for opioid dependence during pregnancy, 17 opioid-dependent pregnant women maintained on either buprenorphine or methadone underwent fetal monitoring at 24, 28, 32, and 36 weeks gestation. Maternal demographic information and infant ou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurotoxicology and teratology 2011-03, Vol.33 (2), p.240-243
Main Authors: Jansson, Lauren M, DiPietro, Janet A, Velez, Martha, Elko, Andrea, Williams, Erica, Milio, Lorraine, O'Grady, Kevin, Jones, Hendrée E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Behavior - drug effects
Behavior - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Buprenorphine
Buprenorphine - administration & dosage
Buprenorphine - adverse effects
Buprenorphine - therapeutic use
clinical trials
Demography
Double-Blind Method
Drug dependency
Drugs
Emergency
Female
Fetal Monitoring
Fetal Movement - drug effects
Fetus
Fetus - drug effects
Fetus - physiopathology
Fetuses
Gestation
Gestational Age
Heart rate
Heart Rate, Fetal - drug effects
Heart Rate, Fetal - physiology
Humans
Infants
Medical Education
Medical sciences
Methadone
Methadone - administration & dosage
Methadone - adverse effects
Methadone - therapeutic use
Motor activity
Neurotoxicity
Opiate Substitution Treatment
Opioid-Related Disorders - physiopathology
Opioid-Related Disorders - rehabilitation
Opioids
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications - physiopathology
Pregnancy Complications - rehabilitation
Toxicology
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract As part of a double-blind study of medication treatment for opioid dependence during pregnancy, 17 opioid-dependent pregnant women maintained on either buprenorphine or methadone underwent fetal monitoring at 24, 28, 32, and 36 weeks gestation. Maternal demographic information and infant outcomes did not significantly differ by medication group. Earlier in gestation (24 and 28 weeks), buprenorphine-exposed fetuses had higher levels of fetal heart rate variability, more accelerations in fetal heart rate and greater coupling between fetal heart rate and fetal movement than the methadone-exposed group (all p s < .05). Later in gestation (32 and 36 weeks), buprenorphine-exposed fetuses displayed less suppression of motor activity and longer duration of movements than the methadone-exposed group (all p s < .05). These results may have implications for the optimal treatment of the opioid-dependent pregnant woman.
ISSN:0892-0362
1872-9738
DOI:10.1016/j.ntt.2010.09.003