Human RECQ helicases: Roles in DNA metabolism, mutagenesis and cancer biology

Abstract Helicases use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to separate double-stranded nucleic acids to facilitate essential processes such as replication, recombination, transcription and repair. This article focuses on the human RECQ helicase gene and protein family. Loss of function of three different m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in cancer biology 2010-10, Vol.20 (5), p.329-339
Main Author: Monnat, Raymond J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bloom syndrome
Bloom Syndrome - genetics
Cancer chemotherapy
Cancer predisposition syndrome
DNA - genetics
DNA - metabolism
DNA Repair
DNA Replication
Genetic instability
Genomic Instability
Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine
Homologous recombination
Humans
Mutagenesis
Mutation
Neoplasms - genetics
Premature aging syndrome
RECQ helicases
RecQ Helicases - genetics
RecQ Helicases - metabolism
Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome - genetics
Rothmund–Thomson syndrome
Telomere
Telomeres
Werner syndrome
Werner Syndrome - genetics
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Summary:Abstract Helicases use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to separate double-stranded nucleic acids to facilitate essential processes such as replication, recombination, transcription and repair. This article focuses on the human RECQ helicase gene and protein family. Loss of function of three different members has been shown to cause Bloom syndrome (BS), Werner syndrome (WS) and Rothmund–Thomson syndrome (RTS). This article outlines clinical and cellular features of these cancer predisposition syndromes, and discusses their pathogenesis in light of our understanding of RECQ helicase biochemical activities and in vivo functions. I also discuss the emerging role for RECQ helicases as predictors of disease risk and the response to therapy.
ISSN:1044-579X
1096-3650
DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.10.002