Fluorine (19F) MRS and MRI in biomedicine

Shortly after the introduction of 1H MRI, fluorinated molecules were tested as MR‐detectable tracers or contrast agents. Many fluorinated compounds, which are nontoxic and chemically inert, are now being used in a broad range of biomedical applications, including anesthetics, chemotherapeutic agents...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:NMR in biomedicine 2011-02, Vol.24 (2), p.114-129
Main Authors: Ruiz-Cabello, Jesús, Barnett, Brad P., Bottomley, Paul A., Bulte, Jeff W.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Anesthetics
Animals
Biocompatible Materials - therapeutic use
Blood
cellular imaging
Chemotherapy
Contrast media
Epitopes
Fluorine
Fluorocarbons - pharmacokinetics
Fluorocarbons - toxicity
Hot spots
Humans
lung ventilation
Macrophages
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Medicine
Mice
molecular imaging
MR contrast agent
N.M.R
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
oxygen measurement
perfluorocarbon
Rats
Respiration
Solubility
Tracers
Volatilization
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Summary:Shortly after the introduction of 1H MRI, fluorinated molecules were tested as MR‐detectable tracers or contrast agents. Many fluorinated compounds, which are nontoxic and chemically inert, are now being used in a broad range of biomedical applications, including anesthetics, chemotherapeutic agents, and molecules with high oxygen solubility for respiration and blood substitution. These compounds can be monitored by fluorine (19F) MRI and/or MRS, providing a noninvasive means to interrogate associated functions in biological systems. As a result of the lack of endogenous fluorine in living organisms, 19F MRI of ‘hotspots’ of targeted fluorinated contrast agents has recently opened up new research avenues in molecular and cellular imaging. This includes the specific targeting and imaging of cellular surface epitopes, as well as MRI cell tracking of endogenous macrophages, injected immune cells and stem cell transplants. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Many fluorinated compounds, that are non‐toxic and chemically inert, are now being used in a broad range of biomedical applications, including anesthesia, chemotherapy, and molecular and cellular imaging. This review describes how these molecules can be monitored by fluorine (19F) MRI and MRS, providing a non‐invasive means to interrogate associated functions in biological systems.
ISSN:0952-3480
1099-1492
1099-1492
DOI:10.1002/nbm.1570