Possible interactions between bacterial diversity, microbial activity and supraglacial hydrology of cryoconite holes in Svalbard

The diversity of highly active bacterial communities in cryoconite holes on three Arctic glaciers in Svalbard was investigated using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the 16S rRNA locus. Construction and sequencing of clone libraries allowed several members of these commu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The ISME Journal 2011-01, Vol.5 (1), p.150-160
Main Authors: Edwards, Arwyn, Anesio, Alexandre M, Rassner, Sara M, Sattler, Birgit, Hubbard, Bryn, Perkins, William T, Young, Michael, Griffith, Gareth W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/158/670
631/158/852
631/326/2565/855
704/106/242
Arctic Regions
Bacteria
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - metabolism
Biodiversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cyanobacteria
Data processing
Ecology
Evolutionary Biology
Geologic Sediments - chemistry
Geologic Sediments - microbiology
Glaciers
Hydrology
Ice Cover - microbiology
Life Sciences
Microbial activity
Microbial Ecology
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology
Organic matter
Original
original-article
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Proteobacteria
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
rRNA 16S
Sampling
Svalbard
Temperature effects
Valleys
Water Cycle
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Summary:The diversity of highly active bacterial communities in cryoconite holes on three Arctic glaciers in Svalbard was investigated using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the 16S rRNA locus. Construction and sequencing of clone libraries allowed several members of these communities to be identified, with Proteobacteria being the dominant one, followed by Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes . T-RFLP data revealed significantly different communities in holes on the (cold) valley glacier Austre Brøggerbreen relative to two adjacent (polythermal) valley glaciers, Midtre Lovénbreen and Vestre Brøggerbreen. These population compositions correlate with differences in organic matter content, temperature and the metabolic activity of microbial communities concerned. No within-glacier spatial patterns were observed in the communities identified over the 2-year period and with the 1 km-spaced sampling. We infer that surface hydrology is an important factor in the development of cryoconite bacterial communities.
ISSN:1751-7362
1751-7370
DOI:10.1038/ismej.2010.100