CRPS I following artificial disc surgery: case report and review of the literature

We report a case of type 1 complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS I) of the left leg following the implantation of an artificial disc type in the L4/5 segment of the lumbar spine using a midline left-sided retroperitoneal approach. This approach included the mobilisation of the sympathetic trunk with...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European spine journal 2011-07, Vol.20 (Suppl 2), p.278-283
Main Authors: Knoeller, S. M., Ehmer, M., Kleinmann, B., Wolter, T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analgesics - therapeutic use
Arthroplasty - adverse effects
Case Report
Drainage
Humans
Intervertebral Disc - surgery
Lumbar Vertebrae - surgery
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nerve Block
Neurosurgery
Prosthesis Implantation - adverse effects
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy - drug therapy
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy - etiology
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy - surgery
Surgical Orthopedics
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:We report a case of type 1 complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS I) of the left leg following the implantation of an artificial disc type in the L4/5 segment of the lumbar spine using a midline left-sided retroperitoneal approach. This approach included the mobilisation of the sympathetic trunk with incision and resection of the intervertebral disc. The perioperative and immediate postoperative periods were uneventful, but on the second postoperative day the patient complained of a progressive allodynia of the whole left leg in combination with weakness of the limb. Neurological examination did not reveal any radicular deficit or paresis. A sympathetic reaction following the mobilisation of the sympathetic trunk during the ventral preparation of the spine was suspected and investigated further. A diagnosis of CRPS I was proposed, and the patient was treated with analgesia, co-analgesics for pain alienation, and systemic corticosteroid therapy. A computed tomography-guided sympathetic block and lymphatic drainage were performed. Following conservative orthopaedic rehabilitation therapy, the degree of pain, allodynia, weakness, and swelling were reduced and the condition of the patient was ameliorated. The cost–benefit ratio of spinal arthroplasty is still controversial. The utility of this paper is to debate a possible cause of a painful complication, which can invalidate the results of a successful operation.
ISSN:0940-6719
1432-0932
DOI:10.1007/s00586-011-1691-z