Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection

Long-term remission of HIV-1 disease can be readily achieved by combinations of antiretroviral agents. The suppression of plasma viral loads to less than the limit of quantification of the most sensitive commercially available assays (i.e., less than 50 copies/mL) and the coincident improvement in C...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian Medical Association journal 2004-01, Vol.170 (2), p.229-238
Main Authors: Montessori, Valentina, Press, Natasha, Harris, Marianne, Akagi, Linda, Montaner, Julio S.G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - adverse effects
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - methods
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
Drug Therapy, Combination
Drugs
Female
Follow-Up Studies
HIV
HIV Infections - diagnosis
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - mortality
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Hyperglycemia - chemically induced
Hyperglycemia - epidemiology
Hyperlipidemias - chemically induced
Hyperlipidemias - epidemiology
Incidence
Lipodystrophy - chemically induced
Lipodystrophy - epidemiology
Liver Diseases - epidemiology
Male
Osteonecrosis - chemically induced
Osteonecrosis - epidemiology
Physiological aspects
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Review
Risk Assessment
Skin Diseases - chemically induced
Skin Diseases - epidemiology
Survival Analysis
Treatment
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Summary:Long-term remission of HIV-1 disease can be readily achieved by combinations of antiretroviral agents. The suppression of plasma viral loads to less than the limit of quantification of the most sensitive commercially available assays (i.e., less than 50 copies/mL) and the coincident improvement in CD4 T cell counts is associated with resolution of established opportunistic infections and a decrease in the risk of new opportunistic infections. However, prolonged treatment with combination regimens can be difficult to sustain because of problems with adherence and toxic effects. All antiretroviral drugs can have both short-term and long-term adverse events. The risk of specific side effects varies from drug to drug, from drug class to drug class, and from patient to patient. A better understanding of the adverse effects of antiretroviral agents is of interest not only for HIV specialists as they try to optimize therapy, but also for other physicians who care for HIV-positive patients.
ISSN:0008-4409
0820-3946
1488-2329