Cytokine production by primary human macrophages infected with highly pathogenic H5N1 or pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza viruses

Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused infection in humans, with a high mortality rate, since 1997. While the pathogenesis of this infection is not completely understood, hypercytokinaemia and alveolar macrophages are thought to play a role. To gain further insight into the cytok...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of general virology 2011-06, Vol.92 (Pt 6), p.1428-1434
Main Authors: Sakabe, Saori, Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko, Takano, Ryo, Nidom, Chairul A, Le, Mai Thi Quynh, Nagamura-Inoue, Tokiko, Horimoto, Taisuke, Yamashita, Naohide, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal
Cells, Cultured
Cytokines - genetics
Cytokines - immunology
Gene Expression
Humans
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - immunology
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - physiology
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - immunology
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - physiology
Influenza, Human - epidemiology
Influenza, Human - immunology
Influenza, Human - virology
Japan
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - virology
Pandemics
Short Communication
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Summary:Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused infection in humans, with a high mortality rate, since 1997. While the pathogenesis of this infection is not completely understood, hypercytokinaemia and alveolar macrophages are thought to play a role. To gain further insight into the cytokine-mediated pathogenesis of this infection in humans, we measured various cytokines produced by primary human macrophages infected with H5N1, pandemic H1N1 or seasonal influenza viruses. We found that many cytokines were produced at higher levels on infection with the H5N1 strains tested compared with seasonal influenza viruses. Interestingly, the extent of cytokine induction varied among the H5N1 strains and did not correlate with replicative ability in macrophages. Further, a pandemic H1N1 virus induced higher levels of several cytokines compared with seasonal viruses and some H5N1 strains. Our results demonstrate that high cytokine induction is not a universal feature of all H5N1 viruses.
ISSN:0022-1317
1465-2099
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.030346-0