Personality Processes: Mechanisms by Which Personality Traits Get Outside the Skin

It is time to better understand why personality traits predict consequential outcomes, which calls for a closer look at personality processes. Personality processes are mechanisms that unfold over time to produce the effects of personality traits. They include reactive and instrumental processes tha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of psychology 2012-01, Vol.63 (1), p.315-339
Main Author: HAMPSON, Sarah E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Emotions
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Personality
Personality psychology
Personality traits
Personality. Affectivity
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Social attribution, perception and cognition
Social Behavior
Social Perception
Social psychology
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Summary:It is time to better understand why personality traits predict consequential outcomes, which calls for a closer look at personality processes. Personality processes are mechanisms that unfold over time to produce the effects of personality traits. They include reactive and instrumental processes that moderate or mediate the association between traits and outcomes. These mechanisms are illustrated here by a selection of studies of traits representing the three broad domains of personality and temperament: negative emotionality, positive emotionality, and constraint. Personality processes are studied over the short term, as in event-sampling studies, and over the long term, as in lifespan research. Implications of findings from the study of processes are considered for resolving issues in models of personality structure, improving and extending methods of personality assessment, and identifying targets for personality interventions.
ISSN:0066-4308
1545-2085
DOI:10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100419