Elimination of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Rodent Reservoirs and Ixodes scapularis Ticks Using a Doxycycline Hyclate-Laden Bait

A field trial was conducted in a Lyme disease-endemic area of New Jersey to determine the efficacy of a doxycyline hyclate rodent bait to prophylactically protect and cure small-mammal reservoirs and reduce infection rates in questing Ixodes scapularis ticks for Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma ph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2011-12, Vol.85 (6), p.1114-1120
Main Authors: DOLAN, Marc C, SCHULZE, Terry L, JORDAN, Robert A, DIETRICH, Gabrielle, SCHULZE, Christopher J, HOJGAARD, Andrias, ULLMANN, Amy J, SACKAL, Cherilyn, ZEIDNER, Nordin S, PIESMAN, Joseph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Anaplasma phagocytophilum - drug effects
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Arachnid Vectors - microbiology
Biological and medical sciences
Borrelia burgdorferi
Borrelia burgdorferi - drug effects
Disease Reservoirs - microbiology
Doxycycline - administration & dosage
Doxycycline - analogs & derivatives
Doxycycline - therapeutic use
Ehrlichiosis - prevention & control
Ehrlichiosis - transmission
Infectious diseases
Ixodes - microbiology
Ixodes scapularis
Ixodidae
Lyme Disease - prevention & control
Lyme Disease - transmission
Medical sciences
New Jersey - epidemiology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Rodentia - microbiology
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Description
Summary:A field trial was conducted in a Lyme disease-endemic area of New Jersey to determine the efficacy of a doxycyline hyclate rodent bait to prophylactically protect and cure small-mammal reservoirs and reduce infection rates in questing Ixodes scapularis ticks for Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The doxycycline-laden bait was formulated at a concentration of 500 mg/kg and delivered during the immature tick feeding season in rodent-targeted bait boxes. The percentage of infected small mammals recovered from treated areas after 2 years of treatment was reduced by 86.9% for B. burgdorferi and 74% for A. phagocytophilum. Infection rates in questing nymphal ticks for both B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum were reduced by 94.3% and 92%, respectively. Results from this study indicate that doxycycline-impregnated bait is an effective means of reducing infection rates for B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum in both rodent reservoirs and questing I. scapularis ticks.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0292