Epigenetics in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Regulated gene expression by transcription factor networks is critical for normal kidney function. Disruption of these complex networks leads to biochemical aberrations associated with many renal diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms not involving changes in DNA sequence, such as DNA methylation and post-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2011-12, Vol.22 (12), p.2182-2185
Main Authors: REDDY, Marpadga A, NATARAJAN, Rama
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Associated diseases and complications
Biological and medical sciences
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Diabetic Nephropathies - genetics
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
Epigenesis, Genetic
Humans
Kidneys
Medical sciences
Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases
Up Front Matters
Urinary system involvement in other diseases. Miscellaneous
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Summary:Regulated gene expression by transcription factor networks is critical for normal kidney function. Disruption of these complex networks leads to biochemical aberrations associated with many renal diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms not involving changes in DNA sequence, such as DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of nucleosomal histones, also play a critical role in gene regulation by modulating chromatin access to the cellular machinery for transcription. These epigenetic modifications can be affected by intrinsic and extrinsic environmental factors and play a central role in dictating biologic phenotypes including pathologic disease. Emerging evidence also suggests, apart from traditional genetic predisposition, that epigenetic processes can persist across generations to play a modulating role in the development of renal diseases such as diabetic nephropathy. Recent advances in epigenome research has increased our understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in renal dysfunction that in turn may lead to identification of novel new therapeutic targets.
ISSN:1046-6673
1533-3450
DOI:10.1681/ASN.2011060629