Validation of the Antiproliferative Effects of Organic Extracts from the Green Husk of Juglans regia L. on PC-3 Human Prostate Cancer Cells by Assessment of Apoptosis-Related Genes

With the increased use of plant-based cancer chemotherapy, exploring the antiproliferative effects of phytochemicals for anticancer drug design has gained considerable attention worldwide. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of walnut green husk extracts on cell proliferation and to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2012-01, Vol.2012 (2012), p.1-8
Main Authors: Al-Khalifa, Abdrohman S., Al-Assaf, Abdullah H., Syed, Naveed Ahmed, Shafi, Gowhar, Hasan, Tarique N., Alshatwi, Ali A., Alamri, Mohammed S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Antineoplastic drugs
Antitumor agents
Apoptosis
BAX protein
Bcl-2 protein
Bioactive compounds
Biology
Breast cancer
Cancer therapies
Caspase
Caspase-3
Cell death
Cell proliferation
Chemotherapy
DNA fragmentation
Drug development
Gene expression
Juglans regia
Molecular chains
mRNA
p53 Protein
Prostate cancer
Prostate carcinoma
Proteins
Walnuts
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Summary:With the increased use of plant-based cancer chemotherapy, exploring the antiproliferative effects of phytochemicals for anticancer drug design has gained considerable attention worldwide. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of walnut green husk extracts on cell proliferation and to determine the possible molecular mechanism of extract-induced cell death by quantifying the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, caspases-3, and Tp53. PC-3 human prostate cancer cells. In this study, we found that green husk extracts suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner by modulating expression of apoptosis-related genes. This involved DNA fragmentation (determined by TUNEL assay) and significant changes in levels of mRNA and the expression of corresponding proteins. An increase in expressions of Bax, caspase-3, and tp53 genes and their corresponding proteins was detected using real-time PCR and western blot analysis in PC-3 cells treated with the green husk organic extracts. In contrast, Bcl2 expression was downregulated after exposure to the extracts. Our data suggest the presence of bioactive compound(s) in walnut green husks that are capable of killing prostate carcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis and that the husks are a candidate source of anticancer drugs.
ISSN:1741-427X
1741-4288
DOI:10.1155/2012/103026