Ex vivo regulation of specific gene expression by nanomolar concentration of double-stranded dumbbell oligonucleotides

• Published in: Nucleic acids research 1993-07, Vol.21 (15), p.3405-3411
• Main Authors: Clusel, Catherine, Ugarte, Edgardo, Enjolras, Nathalie, Vasseur, Marc, Blumenfeld, Marta
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Albumins - genetics; Animals; Antineoplastic agents; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Nucleus - chemistry; DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics; DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; General aspects; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta; Humans; Liver - chemistry; Medical sciences; Molecular Sequence Data; Nuclear Proteins; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - metabolism; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - pharmacology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Rats; RNA - biosynthesis; Transcription Factors - genetics; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Transcription, Genetic - drug effects; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured
• ISSN: 0305-1048; 1362-4962
• DOI: 10.1093/nar/21.15.3405

Inhibition of specific transcriptional regulatory proteins is a new approach to control gene expression. Transcriptional activity of DNA-binding proteins can be inhibited by the use of double-stranded (ds) oligodeoxynucleotides that compete for the binding to their specific target sequences in promoters and enhancers. As a model, we used phosphodiester dumbbell oligonucleotides containing a binding site for the liver-enriched transcription factor HNF-1 (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1). Binding affinity of HNF-1 to dumbbell oligonucleotides was the same as that to ds oligonucleotides, as determined by gel retardation assays. HNF-1 dumbbells specifically inhibited in vitro transcription driven by the albumin promoter by more than 90%. HNF-1-dependent activation of a CAT reporter plasmid was specifically inhibited when the HNF-1 dumbbell oligonucleotide was added at nM concentration to transiently transfected C33 cells. On the contrary, HNF-1 ds oligonucieotides, which displayed the same activity as the dumbbell oligonucleotides in the in vitro assays, were no more effective in the ex vivo experiments. These results might reflect the increased stabiiity of the circular dumbbell oligonucleotides towards cellular nuclease degradation, as shown in vitro with nucleolytic enzymes. Dumbbell oligonucleotides containing unmodified phosphodiester bonds may efficiently compete for binding of specific transcription factors within cells, then providing a potential therapeutic tool to control disease-causing genes.