Adiponectin and cardiovascular health: an update

The global epidemic of obesity is accompanied by an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), in particular stroke and heart attack. Dysfunctional adipose tissue links obesity to CVD by secreting a multitude of bioactive lipids and pro‐inflammatory factors (adipokines) with detrimental e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of pharmacology 2012-02, Vol.165 (3), p.574-590
Main Authors: Hui, Xiaoyan, Lam, Karen SL, Vanhoutte, Paul M, Xu, Aimin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adipokine
adiponectin
Adiponectin - metabolism
Animals
Biomarkers
cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
endothelial dysfunction
Heart attacks
Humans
inflammation
Obesity
Receptors, Adiponectin - metabolism
Themed Section: Reviews
Thiazolidinediones - therapeutic use
vasculature
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Summary:The global epidemic of obesity is accompanied by an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), in particular stroke and heart attack. Dysfunctional adipose tissue links obesity to CVD by secreting a multitude of bioactive lipids and pro‐inflammatory factors (adipokines) with detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. Adiponectin is one of the few adipokines that possesses multiple salutary effects on insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular health. Clinical investigations have identified adiponectin deficiency (hypoadiponectinaemia) as an independent risk factor for CVD. In animals, elevation of plasma adiponectin by either pharmacological or genetic approaches alleviates obesity‐induced endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, and also prevents atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, many therapeutic benefits of the peroxisome‐proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists, the thiazolidinediones, are mediated by induction of adiponectin. Adiponectin protects cardiovascular health through its vasodilator, anti‐apoptotic, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative activities in both cardiac and vascular cells. This review summarizes recent findings in the understanding of the physiological role and clinical relevance of adiponectin in cardiovascular health, and in the identification of the receptor and postreceptor signalling events that mediate the cardiovascular actions of adiponectin. It also discusses adiponectin‐targeted drug discovery strategies for treating obesity, diabetes and CVD. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Fat and Vascular Responsiveness. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.165.issue‐3
ISSN:0007-1188
1476-5381
DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01395.x