Predicting adolescents' persistence, non-persistence, and recent onset of nonmedical use of opioids and stimulants

Abstract This study sought to distinguish among adolescents who were persistent, non-persistent, or recent onset nonmedical users of prescription opioids and stimulants (respondents' ages ranged from 12–17 years, N = 126,764). The multinomial logistic regression analyses of combined data from t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Addictive behaviors 2012-06, Vol.37 (6), p.716-721
Main Authors: Nakawaki, Brandon, Crano, William D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescent Behavior
Adolescents
Age
Alcohol
Analgesics, Opioid
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Child
Cigarettes
Cross-Sectional Studies
Drug abuse
Drug use
Female
Humans
income
Male
Nonmedical use
Opioid-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Opioids
Population density
Prescription Drugs
Psychiatry
Risk Factors
Stimulants
substance use
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Teenagers
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Abstract This study sought to distinguish among adolescents who were persistent, non-persistent, or recent onset nonmedical users of prescription opioids and stimulants (respondents' ages ranged from 12–17 years, N = 126,764). The multinomial logistic regression analyses of combined data from the 2003 through 2009 National Survey of Drug Use and Health were used to investigate the association of respondents' sex, age, family income, race, parental status, population density, and user status (persistent, non-persistent, recent onset) on common illicit substances (cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, and inhalants) with opioid and stimulant use. The odds of nonmedical opioid and stimulant use were significantly greater for females than males, and increased with age. Results were mixed for income, race, and parental status. Population density was largely unrelated to nonmedical use. Persistent nonmedical users of common illicit substances, especially marijuana and inhalants, were at greatest risk for nonmedical opioid and stimulant use. Non-persistent use of common illicit substances was a strong predictor of both non-persistent opioid and stimulant use. Recent onset of common substance use predicted recent onset of prescription opioid and stimulant use. Results indicate that persistence may be related to polysubstance use involving prescription opioids and stimulants, supporting efforts to investigate the underlying causes of polysubstance use.
ISSN:0306-4603
1873-6327
DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.02.011