Polar auxin transport: an early invention

In higher plants, cell-to-cell polar auxin transport (PAT) of the phytohormone auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), generates maxima and minima that direct growth and development. Although IAA is present in all plant phyla, PAT has only been detected in land plants, the earliest being the Bryophytes....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of experimental botany 2012-06, Vol.63 (11), p.4213-4218
Main Authors: Boot, Kees J. M, Libbenga, Kees R, Hille, Sander C, Offringa, Remko, van Duijn, Bert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
ancestry
Auxins
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Transport
Biology
Bryopsida
Chara
Chara - metabolism
Chara corallina
Charophyta
Chlorophycota
Chlorophyta
Chlorophyta - metabolism
Chromatin
Cytochalasins
Cytoplasmic streaming
embryophytes
freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
growth and development
indole acetic acid
Indoleacetic Acids
Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism
Internodes
mathematical models
metabolism
Molecules
naphthylphthalamic acid
phenotype
Plant growth
Plant Growth Regulators
Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism
Plant physiology and development
Plants
Prokaryotic cells
RESEARCH PAPER
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Summary:In higher plants, cell-to-cell polar auxin transport (PAT) of the phytohormone auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), generates maxima and minima that direct growth and development. Although IAA is present in all plant phyla, PAT has only been detected in land plants, the earliest being the Bryophytes. Charophyta, a group of freshwater green algae, are among the first multicellular algae with a land plant-like phenotype and are ancestors to land plants. IAA has been detected in members of Charophyta, but its developmental role and the occurrence of PAT are unknown. We show that naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA)-sensitive PAT occurs in internodal cells of Chara corallina. The relatively high velocity (at least 4–5 cm/h) of auxin transport through the giant (3–5 cm) Chara cells does not occur by simple diffusion and is not sensitive to a specific cytoplasmic streaming inhibitor. The results demonstrate that PAT evolved early in multicellular plant life. The giant Chara cells provide a unique new model system to study PAT, as Chara allows the combining of real-time measurements and mathematical modelling with molecular, developmental, cellular, and electrophysiological studies.
ISSN:0022-0957
1460-2431
DOI:10.1093/jxb/ers106