Progress Toward a Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine

High attack rates and the ability of Staphylococcus aureus to develop resistance to all antibiotics in medical practice heightens the urgency for vaccine development. S. aureus causes many disease syndromes, including invasive disease, pneumonia, and skin and soft tissue infections. It remains uncle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical infectious diseases 2012-02, Vol.54 (4), p.560-567
Main Authors: Daum, Robert S., Spellberg, Brad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigens
Antigens, Bacterial - immunology
Bacteremia
Bacterial diseases
Biological and medical sciences
Epidemiology
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Immunization
Immunoglobulins
Infections
Infectious diseases
Invited
Medical sciences
Polysaccharides
Proteins
Staphylococcal Infections - prevention & control
Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections
Staphylococcal Vaccines - immunology
Staphylococcus
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus - immunology
Staphylococcus infections
Vaccination
VACCINES
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Summary:High attack rates and the ability of Staphylococcus aureus to develop resistance to all antibiotics in medical practice heightens the urgency for vaccine development. S. aureus causes many disease syndromes, including invasive disease, pneumonia, and skin and soft tissue infections. It remains unclear whether a single vaccine could protect against all of these. Vaccine composition is also challenging. Active immunization with conjugated types 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides, an iron scavenging protein, isdB, and passive immunization against clumping factor A and lipoteichoic add have all proven unsuccessful in clinical trials. Many experts advocate an approach using multiple antigens and have suggested that the right combination of antigens has not yet been identified. Others advocate that a successful vaccine will require antigens that work by multiple immunologic mechanisms. Targeting staphylococcal protein A and stimulating the T-helper 17 lymphocyte pathway have each received recent attention as alternative approaches to vaccination in addition to the more traditional identification of opsonophagocytic antibodies. Many questions remain as to how to successfully formulate a successful vaccine and to whom it should be deployed.
ISSN:1058-4838
1537-6591
DOI:10.1093/cid/cir828