Etiology of Anemia Among Infants, School-Aged Children, and Young Non-Pregnant Women in Different Settings of South-Central Côte d'Ivoire

Anemia affects one-quarter of the world's population, but its etiology remains poorly understood. We determined the prevalence of anemia and studied underlying risk factors in infants (6-23 months), young school-aged children (6-8 years), and young non-pregnant women (15-25 years) in south-cent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2012-09, Vol.87 (3), p.425-434
Main Authors: RIGHETTI, Aurélie A, KOUA, Ahou-Yah G, ADIOSSAN, Lukas G, GLINZ, Dominik, HURRELL, Richard F, N'GORAN, Eliézer K, NIAMKE, Sébastien, WEGMÜLLER, Rita, UTZINGER, Jürg
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - epidemiology
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - etiology
Anemias. Hemoglobinopathies
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Cote d'Ivoire - epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diseases of red blood cells
Female
Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases
Hemoglobinopathies - complications
Hemoglobinopathies - epidemiology
Humans
Infant
Infectious diseases
Logistic Models
Male
Medical sciences
Micronutrients - blood
Micronutrients - deficiency
Multivariate Analysis
Parasitic Diseases - complications
Parasitic Diseases - epidemiology
Plasmodium falciparum
Prevalence
Quality Control
Riboflavin Deficiency - complications
Riboflavin Deficiency - epidemiology
Risk Factors
Young Adult
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Summary:Anemia affects one-quarter of the world's population, but its etiology remains poorly understood. We determined the prevalence of anemia and studied underlying risk factors in infants (6-23 months), young school-aged children (6-8 years), and young non-pregnant women (15-25 years) in south-central Côte d'Ivoire. Blood, stool, and urine samples were subjected to standardized, quality-controlled methods. We found high prevalence of anemia, malaria, inflammation, and deficiencies of iron, riboflavin, and vitamin A but low prevalence and intensities of soil-transmitted helminth and schistosome infections. Multivariate regression analysis revealed significant associations between anemia and Plasmodium falciparum for infants, inflammation for school-aged children, and cellular iron deficiency for both school-aged children and non-pregnant women. Women with riboflavin deficiency had significantly lower odds of anemia. Our findings call for interventions to protect infants from malaria, improved intake of dietary iron, better access to health care, and health education.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0788