Increased frequency of CCR4+ and CCR6+ memory T-cells including CCR7+CD45RAmed very early memory cells in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)

• Published in: Arthritis research & therapy 2012-04, Vol.14 (2), p.R73-R73, Article R73
• Main Authors: Fagin, Ursula, Pitann, Silke, Gross, Wolfgang L, Lamprecht, Peter
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis; Chemokine receptors; Cytokines; Female; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis - epidemiology; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis - immunology; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis - metabolism; Humans; Immunologic Memory - physiology; Leukocyte Common Antigens - biosynthesis; Leukocyte Common Antigens - immunology; Male; Memory (Computers); Microscopic Polyangiitis - epidemiology; Microscopic Polyangiitis - immunology; Microscopic Polyangiitis - metabolism; Middle Aged; Receptors, CCR4 - biosynthesis; Receptors, CCR4 - immunology; Receptors, CCR6 - biosynthesis; Receptors, CCR6 - immunology; Receptors, CCR7 - biosynthesis; Receptors, CCR7 - immunology; T cells; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; T-Lymphocytes - metabolism; Wegener's granulomatosis; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1478-6354; 1478-6362; 1478-6354
• DOI: 10.1186/ar3794

Chemokine receptors play an important role in mediating the recruitment of T cells to inflammatory sites. Previously, small proportions of circulating Th1-type CCR5+ and Th2-type CCR3+ cells have been shown in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Wondering to what extent CCR4 and CCR6 expression could also be implicated in T cell recruitment to inflamed sites in GPA, we investigated the expression of CCR4 and CCR6 on T cells and its association with T cell diversity and polarization. Multicolor flow cytometry was used to analyze CCR4, CCR6, and intracellular cytokine expression of T cells from whole blood of GPA-patients (n = 26) and healthy controls (n = 20). CCR7 and CD45RA were included for phenotypic characterization. We found a significant increase in the percentages of circulating CCR4+ and CCR6+ cells within the total CD4+ T cell population in GPA. In contrast, there was no difference in the percentages of CD8+CCR4+ and CD8+CCR6+ T cells between GPA and healthy controls. CCR4 and CCR6 expression was largely confined to central (TCM) and effector memory T cells (TEM, TEMRA). A significant increase in the frequency of CCR4+ and CCR6+ TEMRA and CCR6+ TCM was shown in GPA. Of note, we could dissect CCR4 and CCR6 expressing CCR7+CD45RAmed very early memory T cells (TVEM) from genuine CCR7+CD45RAhigh naïve T cells lacking CCR4 and CCR6 expression for peripheral tissue-migration within the CCR7+CD45RA+ compartment. The frequencies of CCR4+ and CCR6+ TVEM were also significantly increased in GPA. An increased percentage of IL-17+ and IL-22+ cells was detected in the CCR6+ cell subsets and IL-4+ cells in the CRR4+ cell subset when compared with CD4+ cells lacking CCR4 and CCR6 expression. Increased frequencies of circulating CCR4+ and CCR6+ memory T cell subsets including hitherto unreported TVEM suggest persistent T cell activation with the accumulation of CCR4+ and CCR6+ cells in GPA. CCR4 and CCR6 could be involved in the recruitment of T cells including cytokine-producing subsets to inflamed sites in GPA.