X-ray-induced photo-chemistry and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of biological samples

As synchrotron light sources and optics deliver greater photon flux on samples, X‐ray‐induced photo‐chemistry is increasingly encountered in X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments. The resulting problems are particularly pronounced for biological XAS experiments. This is because biological...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of synchrotron radiation 2012-11, Vol.19 (6), p.875-886
Main Authors: George, Graham N., Pickering, Ingrid J., Pushie, M. Jake, Nienaber, Kurt, Hackett, Mark J., Ascone, Isabella, Hedman, Britt, Hodgson, Keith O., Aitken, Jade B., Levina, Aviva, Glover, Christopher, Lay, Peter A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption spectroscopy
Animals
Beams (radiation)
Biological
extended X-ray absorption fine structure
Humans
metalloenzymes
metalloproteins
Oxidation-Reduction
photo-reduction
Photochemical Processes
Photons
Signal averaging
Synchrotron radiation
Synchrotrons
X-ray absorption near edge
X-ray absorption spectroscopy
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy - methods
X-Rays
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Summary:As synchrotron light sources and optics deliver greater photon flux on samples, X‐ray‐induced photo‐chemistry is increasingly encountered in X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments. The resulting problems are particularly pronounced for biological XAS experiments. This is because biological samples are very often quite dilute and therefore require signal averaging to achieve adequate signal‐to‐noise ratios, with correspondingly greater exposures to the X‐ray beam. This paper reviews the origins of photo‐reduction and photo‐oxidation, the impact that they can have on active site structure, and the methods that can be used to provide relief from X‐ray‐induced photo‐chemical artifacts.
ISSN:1600-5775
0909-0495
1600-5775
DOI:10.1107/S090904951203943X