Genetic insights on sleep schedules: this time, it's PERsonal

The study of circadian rhythms is emerging as a fruitful opportunity for understanding cellular mechanisms that govern human physiology and behavior, fueled by evidence directly linking sleep disorders to genetic mutations affecting circadian molecular pathways. Familial advanced sleep-phase disorde...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in genetics 2012-12, Vol.28 (12), p.598-605
Main Authors: Chong, S.Y. Christin, Ptáček, Louis J., Fu, Ying-Hui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
casein kinase 1 delta
Cell Nucleus - metabolism
circadian rhythm
Cytoplasm - metabolism
Drosophila Proteins - genetics
Drosophila Proteins - metabolism
Epigenesis, Genetic
familial advanced sleep phase disorder
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Regulation
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
Humans
Molecular and cellular biology
Mutation
Period Circadian Proteins - genetics
Period Circadian Proteins - metabolism
period homolog 2
Phosphorylation
post-translational regulation
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Protein Transport
Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - genetics
Wakefulness - genetics
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Summary:The study of circadian rhythms is emerging as a fruitful opportunity for understanding cellular mechanisms that govern human physiology and behavior, fueled by evidence directly linking sleep disorders to genetic mutations affecting circadian molecular pathways. Familial advanced sleep-phase disorder (FASPD) is the first recognized Mendelian circadian rhythm trait, and affected individuals exhibit exceptionally early sleep–wake onset due to altered post-translational regulation of period homolog 2 (PER2). Behavioral and cellular circadian rhythms are analogously affected because the circadian period length of behavior is reduced in the absence of environmental time cues, and cycle duration of the molecular clock is likewise shortened. In light of these findings, we review the PER2 dynamics in the context of circadian regulation to reveal the mechanism of sleep-schedule modulation. Understanding PER2 regulation and functionality may shed new light on how our genetic composition can influence our sleep–wake behaviors.
ISSN:0168-9525
DOI:10.1016/j.tig.2012.08.002