GnRH Agonists: Do They Have a Place in the Modern Management of Fibroid Disease?

• Published in: Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India 2012-10, Vol.62 (5), p.506-510
• Main Authors: Sinai Talaulikar, Vikram, Belli, Anna-Maria, Manyonda, Isaac
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Gynecology; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery; Review; Review Article
• ISSN: 0971-9202; 0975-6434
• DOI: 10.1007/s13224-012-0206-0

In the management of women with fibroid disease, GnRH agonists (GnRHa) are frequently used to reduce volume and vascularity before myomectomy, apparently to render the operation easier and reduce operative blood loss, and to enable a transverse supra-pubic incision instead of a midline vertical one. They induce amenorrhoea and thus aid in the correction of pre-operative anaemia. Other gynaecologists use GnRHa to shrink sub mucous fibroids greater than 5 cm in diameter to facilitate access and reduce blood loss and operating time at transcervical resection. GnRHa are also occasionally used as a temporizing measure in women with symptomatic fibroids within the climacteric. We argue against the use of GnRHa in the management of fibroid disease because they are not cost effective, render myomectomy more difficult to apply because they destroy tissue planes, the more difficult enucleation in fact increasing rather than reducing peri-operative blood loss and operating time. When used before myomectomy, they increase the risk of ‘recurrence’ because they obscure smaller fibroids that ‘recur’ when the effects of the GnRHa wear off, and are associated with side effects in situations where they confer no benefits, or where alternative cheaper drugs with fewer side effects are available.