The role of the apoptotic machinery in tumor suppression

Multicellular organisms have evolved processes to prevent abnormal proliferation or inappropriate tissue infiltration of cells, and these tumor suppressive mechanisms serve to prevent tissue hyperplasia, tumor development, and metastatic spread of tumors. These include potentially reversible process...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 2012-11, Vol.4 (11), p.a008789-a008789
Main Authors: Delbridge, Alex R D, Valente, Liz J, Strasser, Andreas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis - physiology
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism
Deubiquitinating Enzyme CYLD
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - physiology
Humans
Models, Biological
Neoplasms - physiopathology
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 12 - metabolism
PTEN Phosphohydrolase - metabolism
Retinoblastoma Protein - metabolism
Signal Transduction - physiology
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - metabolism
Tumor Suppressor Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:Multicellular organisms have evolved processes to prevent abnormal proliferation or inappropriate tissue infiltration of cells, and these tumor suppressive mechanisms serve to prevent tissue hyperplasia, tumor development, and metastatic spread of tumors. These include potentially reversible processes such as cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence, as well as apoptotic cell death, which in contrast eliminates dangerous cells that may initiate tumor development. Tumor suppressive processes are organized as complex, extensive signaling networks, controlled by central "nodes." These "nodes" are prominent tumor suppressors, such as P53 or PTEN, whose loss is responsible for the development of the majority of human cancers. In this review we discuss the processes by which some of these prominent tumor suppressors trigger apoptotic cell death and how this process protects us from cancer development.
ISSN:1943-0264
1943-0264
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a008789