Overexpression of Snail induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition and a cancer stem cell–like phenotype in human colorectal cancer cells

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process providing tumor cells with the ability to migrate and escape from the primary tumor and metastasize to distant sites. Recently, EMT was shown to be associated with the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in breast cancer. Snail is a transcri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer medicine (Malden, MA) MA), 2012-08, Vol.1 (1), p.5-16
Main Authors: Fan, Fan, Samuel, Shaija, Evans, Kurt W., Lu, Jia, Xia, Ling, Zhou, Yunfei, Sceusi, Eric, Tozzi, Federico, Ye, Xiang‐Cang, Mani, Sendurai A., Ellis, Lee M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Boyden chamber
Breast cancer
Cancer Biology
Cancer stem cells
Cancer therapies
Cell Line
Cell migration
Cell Movement - genetics
Cell proliferation
Chemoresistance
Chemotherapy
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics
Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism
Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology
Colorimetry
Cytokines
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm - genetics
EMT
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Flow cytometry
Gene Expression
Genotype & phenotype
Heterografts
Humans
Immunoglobulins
Intravenous administration
Kinases
Mesenchyme
Metastases
Metastasis
Mice
migration
Motility
Neoplasm Invasiveness
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplastic Stem Cells - metabolism
Ovarian cancer
Oxaliplatin
Phenotype
Phenotypes
Proteins
Snail
Snail Family Transcription Factors
Snail protein
Stem cells
Therapeutic applications
Transcription factors
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Tumor cells
Tumors
Western blotting
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Summary:Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process providing tumor cells with the ability to migrate and escape from the primary tumor and metastasize to distant sites. Recently, EMT was shown to be associated with the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in breast cancer. Snail is a transcription factor that mediates EMT in a number of tumor types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Our study was done to determine the role of Snail in mediating EMT and CSC function in CRC. Human CRC specimens were stained for Snail expression, and human CRC cell lines were transduced with a retroviral Snail construct or vector control. Cell proliferation and chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin of the infected cells were determined by the MTT (colorimetric 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Migration and invasion were determined in vitro using modified Boyden chamber assays. EMT and putative CSC markers were analyzed using Western blotting. Intravenous injection of tumor cells was done to evaluate their metastatic potential in mice. Snail was overexpressed in human CRC surgical specimens. This overexpression induced EMT and a CSC‐like phenotype in human CRC cells and enhanced cell migration and invasion (P 
ISSN:2045-7634
2045-7634
DOI:10.1002/cam4.4