Effects of Gut Microbes on Nutrient Absorption and Energy Regulation

Malnutrition may manifest as either obesity or undernutrition. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the harvest, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet. The composition of the gut microbiota has been shown to differ between lean and obe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition in clinical practice 2012-04, Vol.27 (2), p.201-214
Main Authors: Krajmalnik-Brown, Rosa, Ilhan, Zehra-Esra, Kang, Dae-Wook, DiBaise, John K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
absorption
Animals
Bacteria
Dietary Fats - metabolism
Energy Metabolism
Gastrointestinal Tract - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology
Humans
Inflammation
Intestinal Absorption
Life Sciences
Lipopolysaccharides
malnutrition
Malnutrition - metabolism
Malnutrition - microbiology
Metagenome
microbiome
obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - microbiology
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Summary:Malnutrition may manifest as either obesity or undernutrition. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the harvest, storage, and expenditure of energy obtained from the diet. The composition of the gut microbiota has been shown to differ between lean and obese humans and mice; however, the specific roles that individual gut microbes play in energy harvest remain uncertain. The gut microbiota may also influence the development of conditions characterized by chronic low-level inflammation, such as obesity, through systemic exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide derived from the gut microbiota. In this review, the role of the gut microbiota in energy harvest and fat storage is explored, as well as differences in the microbiota in obesity and undernutrition.
ISSN:0884-5336
1941-2452
DOI:10.1177/0884533611436116