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High- and Low-Fat Dairy Intake, Recurrence, and Mortality After Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Dietary fat in dairy is a source of estrogenic hormones and may be related to worse breast cancer survival. We evaluated associations between high- and low-fat dairy intake, recurrence, and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis. We included 1893 women from the Life After Cancer Epidemiology study...

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Published in:JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2013-05, Vol.105 (9), p.616-623
Main Authors: KROENKE, Candyce H, KWAN, Marilyn L, SWEENEY, Carol, CASTILLO, Adrienne, CAAN, Bette J
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description Dietary fat in dairy is a source of estrogenic hormones and may be related to worse breast cancer survival. We evaluated associations between high- and low-fat dairy intake, recurrence, and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis. We included 1893 women from the Life After Cancer Epidemiology study diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer from 1997 to 2000, who completed the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Food Frequency Questionnaire after diagnosis. A total of 349 women had a recurrence and 372 died during a median follow-up of 11.8 years, with 189 deaths from breast cancer. We used delayed entry Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations between categories of the cumulative average of dairy fat at baseline and at follow-up 5 to 6 years later and subsequent outcomes. Tests of statistical significance were two-sided. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, overall dairy intake was unrelated to breast cancer-specific outcomes, although it was positively related to overall mortality. Low-fat dairy intake was unrelated to recurrence or survival. However, high-fat dairy intake was positively associated with outcomes. Compared with the reference (0 to
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We evaluated associations between high- and low-fat dairy intake, recurrence, and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis. We included 1893 women from the Life After Cancer Epidemiology study diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer from 1997 to 2000, who completed the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Food Frequency Questionnaire after diagnosis. A total of 349 women had a recurrence and 372 died during a median follow-up of 11.8 years, with 189 deaths from breast cancer. We used delayed entry Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations between categories of the cumulative average of dairy fat at baseline and at follow-up 5 to 6 years later and subsequent outcomes. Tests of statistical significance were two-sided. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, overall dairy intake was unrelated to breast cancer-specific outcomes, although it was positively related to overall mortality. Low-fat dairy intake was unrelated to recurrence or survival. However, high-fat dairy intake was positively associated with outcomes. Compared with the reference (0 to &lt;0.5 servings/day), those consuming larger amounts of high-fat dairy had higher breast cancer mortality (0.5 to &lt;1.0 servings/day: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82 to 1.77; and ≥1.0 servings/day: HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.00 to 2.24, P trend = .05), higher all-cause mortality (P trend &lt; .001), and higher non-breast cancer mortality (P trend = .007); the relationship with breast cancer recurrence was positive but not statistically significant. The higher risk appeared consistent across different types of high-fat dairy products. Intake of high-fat dairy, but not low-fat dairy, was related to a higher risk of mortality after breast cancer diagnosis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8874</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2105</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djt027</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23492346</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JNCIEQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cary, NC: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; Breast cancer ; Breast Neoplasms - blood ; Breast Neoplasms - diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms - etiology ; Breast Neoplasms - mortality ; California - epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - blood ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - etiology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality ; Dairy products ; Dairy Products - adverse effects ; Diet - adverse effects ; Dietary Fats - administration &amp; dosage ; Dietary Fats - adverse effects ; Estrogens - blood ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mammary gland diseases ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects) ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - diagnosis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - etiology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2013-05, Vol.105 (9), p.616-623</ispartof><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) May 1, 2013</rights><rights>The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 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subjects Adult
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - blood
Breast Neoplasms - diagnosis
Breast Neoplasms - etiology
Breast Neoplasms - mortality
California - epidemiology
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - blood
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - diagnosis
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - etiology
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast - mortality
Dairy products
Dairy Products - adverse effects
Diet - adverse effects
Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
Dietary Fats - adverse effects
Estrogens - blood
Feeding Behavior
Female
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Incidence
Mammary gland diseases
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Mortality
Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects)
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - diagnosis
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - etiology
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - mortality
Odds Ratio
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Tumors
title High- and Low-Fat Dairy Intake, Recurrence, and Mortality After Breast Cancer Diagnosis
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