LDL receptor and its family members serve as the cellular receptors for vesicular stomatitis virus

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits a remarkably robust and pantropic infectivity, mediated by its coat protein, VSV-G. Using this property, recombinant forms of VSV and VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors are being developed for gene therapy, vaccination, and viral oncolysis and are extensively u...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2013-04, Vol.110 (18), p.7306-7311
Main Authors: Finkelshtein, Danit, Werman, Ariel, Novick, Daniela, Barak, Sara, Rubinstein, Menachem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Biological Sciences
Cattle
Cells
Cellular receptors
Endocytosis
Epithelial cells
Family members
Fibroblasts
Fibroblasts - cytology
Fibroblasts - virology
Gene expression
Genetic Vectors - genetics
Humans
Immunization
Infections
L cells
Lentivirus - genetics
Low density lipoprotein
Mice
Protein Binding
Proteins
Receptors
Receptors, LDL - metabolism
Receptors, Virus - metabolism
Solubility
Transduction, Genetic
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - metabolism
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - pathogenicity
Virology
Virus Internalization
Viruses
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Summary:Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits a remarkably robust and pantropic infectivity, mediated by its coat protein, VSV-G. Using this property, recombinant forms of VSV and VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors are being developed for gene therapy, vaccination, and viral oncolysis and are extensively used for gene transduction in vivo and in vitro. The broad tropism of VSV suggests that it enters cells through a highly ubiquitous receptor, whose identity has so far remained elusive. Here we show that the LDL receptor (LDLR) serves as the major entry port of VSV and of VSV-G-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors in human and mouse cells, whereas other LDLR family members serve as alternative receptors. The widespread expression of LDLR family members accounts for the pantropism of VSV and for the broad applicability of VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors for gene transduction.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1214441110