A tale of two TRAPs: LAT and LAB in the regulation of lymphocyte development, activation, and autoimmunity

Transmembrane adaptor proteins (TRAPs) link antigen receptor engagement to downstream cellular processes. Although these proteins typically lack intrinsic enzymatic activity, they are phosphorylated on multiple tyrosine residues following lymphocyte activation, allowing them to function as scaffolds...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunologic research 2011-04, Vol.49 (1-3), p.97-108
Main Authors: Fuller, Deirdre M., Zhu, Minghua, Ou-Yang, Chih-Wen, Sullivan, Sarah A., Zhang, Weiguo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adaptor proteins
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - immunology
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - metabolism
Allergology
Animals
Antigens
Autoimmunity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell activation
Cell Differentiation
Differentiation
Enzymatic activity
Humans
Immunology
Internal Medicine
Lymphocyte Activation
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes B
Lymphocytes T
Mast cells
Medicine/Public Health
Membrane Proteins - immunology
Membrane Proteins - metabolism
Proteins
Reviews
scaffolds
T cell receptors
T-Lymphocytes - cytology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - metabolism
Traps
Tyrosine
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Summary:Transmembrane adaptor proteins (TRAPs) link antigen receptor engagement to downstream cellular processes. Although these proteins typically lack intrinsic enzymatic activity, they are phosphorylated on multiple tyrosine residues following lymphocyte activation, allowing them to function as scaffolds for the assembly of multi-molecular signaling complexes. Among the many TRAPs that have been discovered in recent years, the LAT (linker for activation of T cells) family of adaptor proteins plays an important role in the positive and negative regulation of lymphocyte maturation, activation, and differentiation. Of the two members in this family, LAT is an indispensable component controlling T cell and mast cell activation and function; LAB (linker for activation of B cells), also called NTAL, is necessary to fine-tune lymphocyte activation and may be a key regulator of innate immune responses. Here, we review recent advances on the function of LAT and LAB in the regulation of development and activation of immune cells.
ISSN:0257-277X
1559-0755
DOI:10.1007/s12026-010-8197-3