Thalamic neuronal and EMG activity in psychogenic dystonia compared with organic dystonia

• Published in: Movement disorders 2011-06, Vol.26 (7), p.1348-1352
• Main Authors: Kobayashi, Kazutaka, Lang, Anthony E., Hallett, Mark, Lenz, Frederick A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Mapping - methods; Diagnosis, Differential; Diseases of striated muscles. Neuromuscular diseases; Dystonia - diagnosis; Dystonia - physiopathology; dystonia-related activity; Dystonic Disorders - diagnosis; Dystonic Disorders - physiopathology; Dystonic Disorders - surgery; Electrodiagnosis - methods; Electromyography; Female; human thalamus; Humans; Medical sciences; Neurology; neuronal activity; organic dystonia; plasticity; psychogenic dystonia; Retrospective Studies; Thalamus - physiology; Thalamus - surgery
• ISSN: 0885-3185; 1531-8257
• DOI: 10.1002/mds.23565

Background: This is a retrospective analysis of thalamic neuronal and electromyogram activities between subjects with organic dystonia and a subject with psychogenic dystonia in whom a thalamotomy was carried out before the diagnosis of psychogenic dystonia was made. Results: The signal‐to‐noise ratio in the lowest frequency band (dystonia frequency < 0.76 Hz) in the electromyogram was not significantly different by diagnosis or muscle. The coherence at dystonia frequency for wrist flexors X biceps electromyograms was significantly higher in organic dystonia, whereas the phase was not apparently different from zero for either diagnosis. In a thalamic pallidal relay nucleus (ventral oral posterior), neuronal firing rates were not apparently different between psychogenic and organic dystonia. The neuronal signal‐to‐noise ratio in ventral oral posterior was significantly higher in organic dystonia than in psychogenic dystonia, whereas both were greater than in controls with chronic pain. Spike X electromyogram coherence apparently was not different between psychogenic and organic dystonia. The proportion of thalamic cells responding to joint movements was higher in the cerebellar relay nucleus (ventral intermediate) of psychogenic dystonia than in organic dystonia. Conclusions: These results suggest that some features, such as firing rates and thalamic reorganization, are similar in psychogenic and organic dystonia. Other features differ, such as the coherence between the electromyograms from different muscles and the thalamic neuronal signal‐to‐noise ratio, which may reflect pathophysiological factors in organic dystonia. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society