Regulation of TGFβ in the immune system: An emerging role for integrins and dendritic cells

Abstract Regulation of an immune response requires complex crosstalk between cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, via both cell–cell contact and secretion of cytokines. An important cytokine with a broad regulatory role in the immune system is transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). TGF-β...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunobiology (1979) 2012-12, Vol.217 (12), p.1259-1265
Main Authors: Worthington, John J, Fenton, Thomas M, Czajkowska, Beata I, Klementowicz, Joanna E, Travis, Mark A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive immunity
Advanced Basic Science
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Dendritic cell
Dendritic Cells - immunology
Humans
Immune System - immunology
Integrin
Integrins - immunology
T-cell
TGFβ
Transforming Growth Factor beta - immunology
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Summary:Abstract Regulation of an immune response requires complex crosstalk between cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, via both cell–cell contact and secretion of cytokines. An important cytokine with a broad regulatory role in the immune system is transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). TGF-β is produced by and has effects on many different cells of the immune system, and plays fundamental roles in the regulation of immune responses during homeostasis, infection and disease. Although many cells can produce TGFβ, it is always produced as an inactive complex that must be activated to bind to the TGFβ receptor complex and promote downstream signalling. Thus, regulation of TGFβ activation is a crucial step in controlling TGFβ function. This review will discuss how TGFβ controls diverse immune responses and how TGFβ function is regulated, with a focus on recent work highlighting a critical role for the integrin αvβ8 expressed by dendritic cells in activating TGFβ.
ISSN:0171-2985
1878-3279
DOI:10.1016/j.imbio.2012.06.009