Estimating rates of multiple gestation pregnancies: Sample size calculation from the assessment of multiple intrauterine gestations from ovarian stimulation (AMIGOS) trial

• Published in: Contemporary clinical trials 2011-11, Vol.32 (6), p.902-908
• Main Authors: Diamond, Michael P, Mitwally, Mohamed, Casper, Robert, Ager, Joel, Legro, Richard S, Brzyski, Robert, Casson, Peter, Eisenberg, Esther, Zhang, Heping
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aromatase inhibitor; Aromatase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Biological and medical sciences; Birth control; Cardiovascular; Clomiphene - administration & dosage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fertility Agents, Female - administration & dosage; Genital system. Reproduction; Gonadotropins; Gonadotropins - administration & dosage; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infertility - drug therapy; Letrozole; Male; Medical sciences; Multiple gestation; Nitriles - administration & dosage; Ovulation induction; Ovulation Induction - methods; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy, Multiple - statistics & numerical data; Prospective Studies; Sterility. Assisted procreation; Treatment Outcome; Triazoles - administration & dosage; Unexplained infertility; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1551-7144; 1559-2030
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2011.07.009

Abstract Infertility afflicts 15% of couples who wish to conceive. Despite intensive evaluation of both male and female partners, the etiology may remain unknown leading to a diagnosis of unexplained infertility. For such couples, treatment often entails ovulation induction (OI) with fertility medications coupled with intrauterine insemination. Complications of this therapy include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and creation of multiple gestation pregnancies, which can be complicated by preterm labor and delivery, and the associated neonatal morbidity and expense of care for preterm infants. The Assessment of Multiple Intrauterine Gestations from Ovarian Stimulation (AMIGOS) study is designed to assess whether OI in couples with unexplained infertility with an aromatase inhibitor produces mono-follicular development in most cycles, thereby reducing multiple gestations while maintaining a comparable pregnancy success rate to that achieved by OI with either gonadotropins or clomiphene citrate. These results will provide future guidance of therapy for couples with unexplained infertility, and if comparable pregnancy rates are achieved with a substantial reduction in multiple gestations, the public health benefit will be considerable.