Brain Responses to Emotional Images Related to Cognitive Ability in Older Adults

Older adults have been shown to exhibit a positivity effect in processing of emotional stimuli, seemingly focusing more on positive than negative information. Whether this reflects purposeful changes or an unintended side effect of declining cognitive abilities is unclear. For the present study, old...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Psychology and aging 2013-03, Vol.28 (1), p.179-190
Main Authors: Foster, Shannon M, Davis, Hasker P, Kisley, Michael A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult. Elderly
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Aging - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain
Brain - physiology
Brain - physiopathology
Cognition
Cognitive abilities
Cognitive Ability
Cognitive psychology
Developmental psychology
Elderly people
Emotions
Emotions - physiology
Evoked Potentials - physiology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Humans
Information processing
Male
Middle Aged
Negative information
Negativism
Neuropsychology
Older people
Positive affect
Positivism
Predictive Value of Tests
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Reaction Time - physiology
Regression Analysis
Responses
Side effects
Time Factors
Citations: Items that cite this one
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Summary:Older adults have been shown to exhibit a positivity effect in processing of emotional stimuli, seemingly focusing more on positive than negative information. Whether this reflects purposeful changes or an unintended side effect of declining cognitive abilities is unclear. For the present study, older adults displaying a wide range of cognitive abilities completed measures of attention, visual, and verbal memory; executive functioning and processing speed; as well as a socioemotional measure of time perspective. Regression analyses examined the ability of these variables to predict neural responsivity to select emotional stimuli as measured with the late positive potential (LPP), an event-related brain potential (ERP). Stronger cognitive functioning was associated with higher LPP amplitude in response to negative images (i.e., greater processing). This does not support a voluntary avoidance of negative information processing in older adults for this particular measure of attentional allocation. A model is proposed to reconcile this finding with the extant literature that has demonstrated positivity effects in measures of later, controlled attentional allocation.
ISSN:0882-7974
1939-1498
DOI:10.1037/a0030928