White Matter Alterations at 33-Year Follow-Up in Adults with Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly conceived as reflecting altered functional and structural brain connectivity. The latter can be addressed with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We examined fractional anisotropy (FA), a DTI index related to white matter struct...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological psychiatry (1969) 2013-10, Vol.74 (8), p.591-598
Main Authors: Cortese, Samuele, Imperati, Davide, Zhou, Juan, Proal, Erika, Klein, Rachel G, Mannuzza, Salvatore, Ramos-Olazagasti, Maria A, Milham, Michael P, Kelly, Clare, Castellanos, F. Xavier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Adult
Age Factors
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - pathology
Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - pathology
Child clinical studies
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
DTI
Follow-Up Studies
fractional anisotropy
Humans
longitudinal follow-up
Male
Medical sciences
neuroimaging
pathophysiology
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
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Summary:Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly conceived as reflecting altered functional and structural brain connectivity. The latter can be addressed with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We examined fractional anisotropy (FA), a DTI index related to white matter structural properties, in adult male subjects diagnosed with ADHD in childhood (probands) and matched control subjects without childhood ADHD. Additionally, we contrasted FA among probands with and without current ADHD in adulthood and control subjects. Methods Participants were from an original cohort of 207 boys and 178 male control subjects. At 33-year follow-up, analyzable DTI scans were obtained in 51 probands (41.3±2.8 yrs) and 66 control subjects (41.2±3.1 yrs). Voxel-based FA was computed with tract-based spatial statistics, controlling for multiple comparisons. Results Probands with childhood ADHD exhibited significantly lower FA than control subjects without childhood ADHD in the right superior and posterior corona radiata, right superior longitudinal fasciculus, and in a left cluster including the posterior thalamic radiation, the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, and the sagittal stratum ( p
ISSN:0006-3223
1873-2402
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.02.025