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Neighborhood Walkability and Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) in New York City
Urban planners have suggested that built environment characteristics can support active travel (walking and cycling) and reduce sedentary behavior. This study assessed whether engagement in active travel is associated with neighborhood walkability measured for zip codes in New York City. Data were a...
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Published in: | Journal of urban health 2013-08, Vol.90 (4), p.575-585 |
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creator | Freeman, Lance Neckerman, Kathryn Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira Quinn, James Richards, Catherine Bader, Michael D. M. Lovasi, Gina Jack, Darby Weiss, Christopher Konty, Kevin Arno, Peter Viola, Deborah Kerker, Bonnie Rundle, Andrew G. |
description | Urban planners have suggested that built environment characteristics can support active travel (walking and cycling) and reduce sedentary behavior. This study assessed whether engagement in active travel is associated with neighborhood walkability measured for zip codes in New York City. Data were analyzed on engagement in active travel and the frequency of walking or biking ten blocks or more in the past month, from 8,064 respondents to the New York City 2003 Community Health Survey (CHS). A neighborhood walkability scale that measures: residential, intersection, and subway stop density; land use mix; and the ratio of retail building floor area to retail land area was calculated for each zip code. Data were analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression incorporating survey sample weights and adjusting for respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, 44 % of respondents reported no episodes of active travel and among those who reported any episode, the mean number was 43.2 episodes per month. Comparing the 75th to the 25th percentile of zip code walkability, the odds ratio for reporting zero episodes of active travel was 0.71 (95 % CI 0.61, 0.83) and the exponentiated beta coefficient for the count of episodes of active travel was 1.13 (95 % CI 1.06, 1.21). Associations between lower walkability and reporting zero episodes of active travel were significantly stronger for non-Hispanic Whites as compared to non-Hispanic Blacks and to Hispanics and for those living in higher income zip codes. The results suggest that neighborhood walkability is associated with higher engagement in active travel. |
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M. ; Lovasi, Gina ; Jack, Darby ; Weiss, Christopher ; Konty, Kevin ; Arno, Peter ; Viola, Deborah ; Kerker, Bonnie ; Rundle, Andrew G.</creator><creatorcontrib>Freeman, Lance ; Neckerman, Kathryn ; Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira ; Quinn, James ; Richards, Catherine ; Bader, Michael D. M. ; Lovasi, Gina ; Jack, Darby ; Weiss, Christopher ; Konty, Kevin ; Arno, Peter ; Viola, Deborah ; Kerker, Bonnie ; Rundle, Andrew G.</creatorcontrib><description>Urban planners have suggested that built environment characteristics can support active travel (walking and cycling) and reduce sedentary behavior. This study assessed whether engagement in active travel is associated with neighborhood walkability measured for zip codes in New York City. Data were analyzed on engagement in active travel and the frequency of walking or biking ten blocks or more in the past month, from 8,064 respondents to the New York City 2003 Community Health Survey (CHS). A neighborhood walkability scale that measures: residential, intersection, and subway stop density; land use mix; and the ratio of retail building floor area to retail land area was calculated for each zip code. Data were analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression incorporating survey sample weights and adjusting for respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, 44 % of respondents reported no episodes of active travel and among those who reported any episode, the mean number was 43.2 episodes per month. Comparing the 75th to the 25th percentile of zip code walkability, the odds ratio for reporting zero episodes of active travel was 0.71 (95 % CI 0.61, 0.83) and the exponentiated beta coefficient for the count of episodes of active travel was 1.13 (95 % CI 1.06, 1.21). Associations between lower walkability and reporting zero episodes of active travel were significantly stronger for non-Hispanic Whites as compared to non-Hispanic Blacks and to Hispanics and for those living in higher income zip codes. The results suggest that neighborhood walkability is associated with higher engagement in active travel.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1099-3460</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2869</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11524-012-9758-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22941058</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bicycling ; Bicycling - statistics & numerical data ; Built environment ; Cities ; Environment Design - statistics & numerical data ; Epidemiology ; Ethnic groups ; Female ; Health behavior ; Health Informatics ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Land use ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Neighborhoods ; New York City - epidemiology ; Public Health ; Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Travel ; Urban environments ; Urban planning ; Walking ; Walking - statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of urban health, 2013-08, Vol.90 (4), p.575-585</ispartof><rights>The New York Academy of Medicine 2012</rights><rights>The New York Academy of Medicine 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-57cf1d8d4fc7241d89828c8d96c2b23ff6f757dfa24ccee2cbbf5f1921474f313</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-57cf1d8d4fc7241d89828c8d96c2b23ff6f757dfa24ccee2cbbf5f1921474f313</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1417402907/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1417402907?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,21373,27901,27902,33588,33589,43709,74192</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22941058$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Freeman, Lance</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neckerman, Kathryn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinn, James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richards, Catherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bader, Michael D. 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Data were analyzed on engagement in active travel and the frequency of walking or biking ten blocks or more in the past month, from 8,064 respondents to the New York City 2003 Community Health Survey (CHS). A neighborhood walkability scale that measures: residential, intersection, and subway stop density; land use mix; and the ratio of retail building floor area to retail land area was calculated for each zip code. Data were analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression incorporating survey sample weights and adjusting for respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, 44 % of respondents reported no episodes of active travel and among those who reported any episode, the mean number was 43.2 episodes per month. Comparing the 75th to the 25th percentile of zip code walkability, the odds ratio for reporting zero episodes of active travel was 0.71 (95 % CI 0.61, 0.83) and the exponentiated beta coefficient for the count of episodes of active travel was 1.13 (95 % CI 1.06, 1.21). Associations between lower walkability and reporting zero episodes of active travel were significantly stronger for non-Hispanic Whites as compared to non-Hispanic Blacks and to Hispanics and for those living in higher income zip codes. The results suggest that neighborhood walkability is associated with higher engagement in active travel.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Bicycling</subject><subject>Bicycling - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Built environment</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Environment Design - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Ethnic groups</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health behavior</subject><subject>Health Informatics</subject><subject>Health Surveys</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neighborhoods</subject><subject>New York City - epidemiology</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Travel</subject><subject>Urban environments</subject><subject>Urban planning</subject><subject>Walking</subject><subject>Walking - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1099-3460</issn><issn>1468-2869</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ALSLI</sourceid><sourceid>M2R</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV1LHDEUhoNY6kf7A7wpAW_0YmpyJjNJbgRZ6geIUrCIVyGTSXajsxNNZrfsvzfjWrEFoVc58D7nzTnnRWiPku-UEH6UKK2AFYRCIXklCr6BtimrRQGilpu5JlIWJavJFtpJ6Z4QWjMOn9EWgGSUVGIb_byyfjprQpyF0OJb3T3oxnd-WGHdt_jEDH5p8U3US9vhg1H2_fRFmqxMl-tD7Ht8ZX_juxAf8CQ3fkGfnO6S_fr67qJfpz9uJufF5fXZxeTksjAVKYei4sbRVrTMGQ4sV1KAMKKVtYEGSudqxyveOg3MGGvBNI2rHJVAGWeupOUuOl77Pi6auW2N7YeoO_UY_VzHlQraq7-V3s_UNCxVyUuoZZkNDl4NYnha2DSouU_Gdp3ubVgkRRnwfDLO2H-gVOS5KjGOtf8Peh8Wsc-XGCnOCEjCM0XXlIkhpWjd29yUqDFbtc5W5WzVmK0ae769X_it40-YGYA1kLLUT2189_WHrs8MRq5j</recordid><startdate>20130801</startdate><enddate>20130801</enddate><creator>Freeman, Lance</creator><creator>Neckerman, Kathryn</creator><creator>Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira</creator><creator>Quinn, James</creator><creator>Richards, Catherine</creator><creator>Bader, Michael D. 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M.</au><au>Lovasi, Gina</au><au>Jack, Darby</au><au>Weiss, Christopher</au><au>Konty, Kevin</au><au>Arno, Peter</au><au>Viola, Deborah</au><au>Kerker, Bonnie</au><au>Rundle, Andrew G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neighborhood Walkability and Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) in New York City</atitle><jtitle>Journal of urban health</jtitle><stitle>J Urban Health</stitle><addtitle>J Urban Health</addtitle><date>2013-08-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>90</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>575</spage><epage>585</epage><pages>575-585</pages><issn>1099-3460</issn><eissn>1468-2869</eissn><abstract>Urban planners have suggested that built environment characteristics can support active travel (walking and cycling) and reduce sedentary behavior. This study assessed whether engagement in active travel is associated with neighborhood walkability measured for zip codes in New York City. 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Comparing the 75th to the 25th percentile of zip code walkability, the odds ratio for reporting zero episodes of active travel was 0.71 (95 % CI 0.61, 0.83) and the exponentiated beta coefficient for the count of episodes of active travel was 1.13 (95 % CI 1.06, 1.21). Associations between lower walkability and reporting zero episodes of active travel were significantly stronger for non-Hispanic Whites as compared to non-Hispanic Blacks and to Hispanics and for those living in higher income zip codes. The results suggest that neighborhood walkability is associated with higher engagement in active travel.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>22941058</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11524-012-9758-7</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Bicycling Bicycling - statistics & numerical data Built environment Cities Environment Design - statistics & numerical data Epidemiology Ethnic groups Female Health behavior Health Informatics Health Surveys Humans Land use Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Neighborhoods New York City - epidemiology Public Health Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data Socioeconomic Factors Travel Urban environments Urban planning Walking Walking - statistics & numerical data Young Adult |
title | Neighborhood Walkability and Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) in New York City |
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