Mosquito larvicidal activity of Solanum nigrum berry extracts

Phytochemicals are widely used as biocontrol agent against vector mosquitoes. The present study was undertaken to isolate and evaluate the mosquitocidal activity of various extracts of berries of S. nigrum against Culex quinquefasciatus. Crude and chloroform: methanol (1:1, v/v) extracts of fresh, m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994) India : 1994), 2013-05, Vol.137 (5), p.972-976
Main Authors: Rawani, Anjali, Chowdhury, Nandita, Ghosh, Anupam, Laskar, Subrata, Chandra, Goutam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Berries
Biological control
Chemical properties
Control
Culex - drug effects
Fruit - chemistry
Health aspects
Humans
Insecticides - chemistry
Insecticides - pharmacology
Larva - drug effects
Lethal Dose 50
Materia medica, Vegetable
Mosquitoes
Original
Pesticides
Pests
Phytochemistry
Plant extracts
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Solanum
Solanum nigrum - chemistry
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Summary:Phytochemicals are widely used as biocontrol agent against vector mosquitoes. The present study was undertaken to isolate and evaluate the mosquitocidal activity of various extracts of berries of S. nigrum against Culex quinquefasciatus. Crude and chloroform: methanol (1:1, v/v) extracts of fresh, mature, green berries of S. nigrum were tested against Cx. quinquefasciatus. The lethal concentration was determined and the chemical nature of the active substance was evaluated. A qualitative phytochemical analysis of chloroform: methanol (1:1, v/v) extract was performed in search of the active ingredient. The appropriate lethal concentrations at 24 h for chloroform: methanol (1:1, v/v) extract was also studied on non-target organisms. In a 72 h bioassay experiment with crude extract, the highest mortality was recorded in 3 per cent extract. In the chloroform: methanol (1:1, v/v) solvent extract, the maximum mortality was recorded at a concentration of 120 μg/ml. The log probit analysis (95% confidence level) recorded lowest LC 50 value at 72 h of exposure. Both crude and chloroform: methanol (1:1, v/v) extracts showed good larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus. The isolated active ingredient may be tested as a potential larvicide after determination of its structure.
ISSN:0971-5916
0975-9174