Insecticide resistance allele frequencies in Anopheles gambiae before and after anti-vector interventions in continental Equatorial Guinea

Anti-malaria interventions that rely on insecticides can be compromised by insecticide-resistance alleles among malaria vectors. We examined frequency changes of resistance alleles at two loci, knockdown resistance (kdr) and acetylcholinesterase-1 (ace-1), which confer resistance to pyrethroids and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2013-05, Vol.88 (5), p.897-907
Main Authors: Reddy, Michael R, Godoy, Adrian, Dion, Kirstin, Matias, Abrahan, Callender, Kevin, Kiszewski, Anthony E, Kleinschmidt, Immo, Ridl, Frances C, Powell, Jeffrey R, Caccone, Adalgisa, Slotman, Michel A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholinesterase - genetics
Alleles
Animals
Anopheles - drug effects
Anopheles - genetics
Anopheles gambiae
Gene Frequency
Insect Vectors - genetics
Insecticide Resistance - genetics
Insecticides - administration & dosage
Insecticides - pharmacology
Malaria - transmission
Mosquito Control - methods
Pyrethrins - administration & dosage
Pyrethrins - pharmacology
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Anti-malaria interventions that rely on insecticides can be compromised by insecticide-resistance alleles among malaria vectors. We examined frequency changes of resistance alleles at two loci, knockdown resistance (kdr) and acetylcholinesterase-1 (ace-1), which confer resistance to pyrethroids and DDT, and carbamates, respectively. A total of 7,059 Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto mosquitoes were analyzed from multiple sites across continental Equatorial Guinea. A subset of sites included samples collected pre-intervention (2007) and post-intervention (2009-2011). Both L1014S and L1014F resistance alleles were observed in almost all pre-intervention collections. In particular, L1014F was already at substantial frequencies in M form populations (17.6-74.6%), and at high frequencies (> 50%) in all but two S form populations. Comparison before and throughout anti-vector interventions showed drastic increases in L1014F, presumably caused by intensified selection pressure imposed by pyrethroids used in vector control efforts. In light of these findings, inclusion of other insecticide classes in any anti-vector intervention can be considered prudent.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.12-0467