Intestinal Epithelial Autophagy Is Essential for Host Defense against Invasive Bacteria

The mammalian intestine is colonized with a diverse community of bacteria that perform many beneficial functions but can threaten host health upon tissue invasion. Epithelial cell-intrinsic innate immune responses are essential to limit the invasion of both commensal and pathogenic bacteria and main...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell host & microbe 2013-06, Vol.13 (6), p.723-734
Main Authors: Benjamin, Jamaal L., Sumpter, Rhea, Levine, Beth, Hooper, Lora V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autophagy
Disease Models, Animal
Enterococcus faecalis - immunology
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - immunology
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - microbiology
Immunity, Innate
Intestinal Mucosa - immunology
Mice
Salmonella Infections, Animal - immunology
Salmonella Infections, Animal - microbiology
Salmonella typhimurium - immunology
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Summary:The mammalian intestine is colonized with a diverse community of bacteria that perform many beneficial functions but can threaten host health upon tissue invasion. Epithelial cell-intrinsic innate immune responses are essential to limit the invasion of both commensal and pathogenic bacteria and maintain beneficial host-bacterial relationships; however, little is known about the role of various cellular processes, notably autophagy, in controlling bacterial interactions with the intestinal epithelium in vivo. We demonstrate that intestinal epithelial cell autophagy protects against tissue invasion by both opportunistically invasive commensals and the invasive intestinal pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium. Autophagy is activated following bacterial invasion of epithelial cells through a process requiring epithelial cell-intrinsic signaling via the innate immune adaptor protein MyD88. Additionally, mice deficient in intestinal epithelial cell autophagy exhibit increased dissemination of invasive bacteria to extraintestinal sites. Thus, autophagy is an important epithelial cell-autonomous mechanism of antibacterial defense that protects against dissemination of intestinal bacteria. [Display omitted] •Invasive bacteria induce autophagy in the intestinal epithelium•Pathobionts and overt pathogens induce epithelial cell autophagy•Intestinal epithelial autophagy requires MyD88•Intestinal epithelial autophagy limits bacterial dissemination
ISSN:1931-3128
1934-6069
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2013.05.004