Epigenetic factors influencing resistance to nuclear reprogramming

Patient-specific somatic cell reprogramming is likely to have a large impact on medicine by providing a source of cells for disease modelling and regenerative medicine. Several strategies can be used to reprogram cells, yet they are generally characterised by a low reprogramming efficiency, reflecti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in genetics 2011-12, Vol.27 (12), p.516-525
Main Authors: Pasque, Vincent, Jullien, Jerome, Miyamoto, Kei, Halley-Stott, Richard P, Gurdon, J.B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Division
Cellular Reprogramming
Chromatin
DNA Methylation
Eggs
Epigenesis, Genetic
epigenetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene expression
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
Humans
Medical Education
Models, Genetic
Molecular and cellular biology
Oocytes
Regeneration
Review
Reviews
Somatic cells
Transcription factors
Transcription, Genetic
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Summary:Patient-specific somatic cell reprogramming is likely to have a large impact on medicine by providing a source of cells for disease modelling and regenerative medicine. Several strategies can be used to reprogram cells, yet they are generally characterised by a low reprogramming efficiency, reflecting the remarkable stability of the differentiated state. Transcription factors, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNAs can increase the efficiency of reprogramming. However, the success of nuclear reprogramming is limited by epigenetic mechanisms that stabilise the state of gene expression in somatic cells and thereby resist efficient reprogramming. We review here the factors that influence reprogramming efficiency, especially those that restrict the natural reprogramming mechanisms of eggs and oocytes. We see this as a step towards understanding the mechanisms by which nuclear reprogramming takes place.
ISSN:0168-9525
DOI:10.1016/j.tig.2011.08.002