mTOR regulates phagosome and entotic vacuole fission

Macroendocytic vacuoles formed by phagocytosis, or the live-cell engulfment program entosis, undergo sequential steps of maturation, leading to the fusion of lysosomes that digest internalized cargo. After cargo digestion, nutrients must be exported to the cytosol, and vacuole membranes must be proc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular biology of the cell 2013-12, Vol.24 (23), p.3736-3745
Main Authors: Krajcovic, Matej, Krishna, Shefali, Akkari, Leila, Joyce, Johanna A, Overholtzer, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acids - metabolism
Animals
Cell Line
Entosis
Humans
Lysosomes - metabolism
Membrane Fusion
Mice
Models, Biological
Phagocytosis
Phagosomes - metabolism
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism
Vacuoles - metabolism
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Summary:Macroendocytic vacuoles formed by phagocytosis, or the live-cell engulfment program entosis, undergo sequential steps of maturation, leading to the fusion of lysosomes that digest internalized cargo. After cargo digestion, nutrients must be exported to the cytosol, and vacuole membranes must be processed by mechanisms that remain poorly defined. Here we find that phagosomes and entotic vacuoles undergo a late maturation step characterized by fission, which redistributes vacuolar contents into lysosomal networks. Vacuole fission is regulated by the serine/threonine protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), which localizes to vacuole membranes surrounding engulfed cells. Degrading engulfed cells supply engulfing cells with amino acids that are used in translation, and rescue cell survival and mTORC1 activity in starved macrophages and tumor cells. These data identify a late stage of phagocytosis and entosis that involves processing of large vacuoles by mTOR-regulated membrane fission.
ISSN:1059-1524
1939-4586
DOI:10.1091/mbc.e13-07-0408