eTACTS: A method for dynamically filtering clinical trial search results

• Published in: Journal of biomedical informatics 2013-12, Vol.46 (6), p.1060-1067
• Main Authors: Miotto, Riccardo, Jiang, Silis, Weng, Chunhua
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Association rules; Clinical trials; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dynamic information filtering; Humans; Information storage and retrieval; Interactive information retrieval; Tag cloud; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1532-0464; 1532-0480
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2013.07.014

[Display omitted] . •A dynamic tag cloud may reduce information overload for clinical trial search.•We present eTACTS, a novel method to dynamically filter clinical trial search results.•eTACTs relies on tags automatically mined from the eligibility criteria.•eTACTS is available at http://is.gd/eTACTS.•eTACTS may be a valuable enhancement for available clinical trial search engines. Information overload is a significant problem facing online clinical trial searchers. We present eTACTS, a novel interactive retrieval framework using common eligibility tags to dynamically filter clinical trial search results. eTACTS mines frequent eligibility tags from free-text clinical trial eligibility criteria and uses these tags for trial indexing. After an initial search, eTACTS presents to the user a tag cloud representing the current results. When the user selects a tag, eTACTS retains only those trials containing that tag in their eligibility criteria and generates a new cloud based on tag frequency and co-occurrences in the remaining trials. The user can then select a new tag or unselect a previous tag. The process iterates until a manageable number of trials is returned. We evaluated eTACTS in terms of filtering efficiency, diversity of the search results, and user eligibility to the filtered trials using both qualitative and quantitative methods. eTACTS (1) rapidly reduced search results from over a thousand trials to ten; (2) highlighted trials that are generally not top-ranked by conventional search engines; and (3) retrieved a greater number of suitable trials than existing search engines. eTACTS enables intuitive clinical trial searches by indexing eligibility criteria with effective tags. User evaluation was limited to one case study and a small group of evaluators due to the long duration of the experiment. Although a larger-scale evaluation could be conducted, this feasibility study demonstrated significant advantages of eTACTS over existing clinical trial search engines. A dynamic eligibility tag cloud can potentially enhance state-of-the-art clinical trial search engines by allowing intuitive and efficient filtering of the search result space.