Prognostic factors associated with locally recurrent rectal cancer following primary surgery (Review)

• Published in: Oncology letters 2014-01, Vol.7 (1), p.10-16
• Main Authors: CAI, YANTAO, LI, ZHENYANG, GU, XIAODONG, FANG, YANTIAN, XIANG, JIANBIN, CHEN, ZONGYOU
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cancer recurrence; Care and treatment; Clinical trials; Colorectal cancer; Development and progression; Health aspects; Health risk assessment; local recurrence; Medical prognosis; Oncology; Patient outcomes; Prognosis; Quality of life; rectal carcinoma; Rectal resection; Risk factors; Surgery; Surgical outcomes; Tumors
• ISSN: 1792-1074; 1792-1082
• DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1640

Locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) is defined as an intrapelvic recurrence following a primary rectal cancer resection, with or without distal metastasis. The treatment of LRRC remains a clinical challenge. LRRC has been regarded as an incurable disease state leading to a poor quality of life and a limited survival time. However, curative reoperations have proved beneficial for treating LRRC. A complete resection of recurrent tumors (R0 resection) allows the treatment to be curative rather than palliative, which is a milestone in medicine. In LRRC cases, the difficulty of achieving an R0 resection is associated with the post-operative prognosis and is affected by several clinical factors, including the staging of the local recurrence (LR), accompanying symptoms, patterns of tumors and combined therapy. The risk factors following primary surgery that lead to an increased rate of LR are summarized in this study, including the surgical, pathological and therapeutic factors.