Mechanisms of tolerance and allergic sensitization in the airways and the lungs

The respiratory mucosa is constantly exposed to non-infectious substances that have the potential of triggering inflammation. While many particles are excluded, soluble molecules can reach the epithelium surface, where they can be uptaken by dendritic cells and stimulate an adaptive immune response....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in immunology 2010-10, Vol.22 (5), p.616-622
Main Authors: Curotto de Lafaille, Maria A, Lafaille, Juan J, Graça, Luis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens
Allergens - immunology
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Humans
Hypersensitivity - immunology
Immune Tolerance - immunology
Respiratory Mucosa - immunology
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology
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Summary:The respiratory mucosa is constantly exposed to non-infectious substances that have the potential of triggering inflammation. While many particles are excluded, soluble molecules can reach the epithelium surface, where they can be uptaken by dendritic cells and stimulate an adaptive immune response. Most mucosal responses result in tolerance to subsequent antigen encounters, which is mediated by Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Genetic and environmental factors, added to the ability of certain allergens to induce innate responses, can predispose to allergic sensitization. In this review we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of tolerance and allergic sensitization to airborne allergens.
ISSN:0952-7915
1879-0372
1879-0372
DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2010.08.014