A Randomized Trial of Family Focused Therapy With Populations at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Effects on Interactional Behavior

• Published in: Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 2014-02, Vol.82 (1), p.90-101
• Main Authors: O'Brien, Mary P., Miklowitz, David J., Candan, Kristin A., Marshall, Catherine, Domingues, Isabel, Walsh, Barbara C., Zinberg, Jamie L., De Silva, Sandra D., Woodberry, Kristen A., Cannon, Tyrone D.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; At Risk Populations; Clinical Trials; Communication; Expressed Emotion; Family; Family - psychology; Family Therapy; Family Therapy - methods; Female; High risk; Human; Humans; Interpersonal communication; Intervention; Male; Parents & parenting; Problem Solving; Psychoeducation; Psychoeducational treatment; Psychoses; Psychosis; Psychotic Disorders - psychology; Relatives; Risk assessment; Schizophrenia; Teenagers; Training; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult; Young adults
• ISSN: 0022-006X; 1939-2117
• DOI: 10.1037/a0034667

Objective: This study investigated whether family focused therapy (FFT-CHR), an 18-session intervention that consisted of psychoeducation and training in communication and problem solving, brought about greater improvements in family communication than enhanced care (EC), a 3-session psychoeducational intervention, among individuals at clinical high risk for developing psychosis. Method: This study was conducted within a randomized controlled trial across 8 sites. We examined 10-min problem-solving discussions at baseline and 6-month reassessment among 66 adolescents and young adults and their parents. Trained coders who were blind to treatment and time of assessment achieved high levels of interrater reliability when evaluating family discussions on categories of calm-constructive and critical-conflictual behavior. Results: Individuals at high risk and their family members who participated in FFT-CHR demonstrated greater improvement from baseline to 6-month reassessment in constructive communication and decreases in conflictual behaviors during family interactions than those in EC. Participants in FFT-CHR showed greater increases from baseline to 6 months in active listening and calm communication and greater decreases in irritability and anger, complaints and criticism, and off-task comments compared to participants in EC. These changes occurred equally in high-risk participants and their family members. Conclusions: A 6-month family skills training treatment can bring about significant improvement in family communication among individuals at high risk for psychosis and their parents. Future studies should examine the association between enhancements in family communication and reduced risk for the onset of psychosis among individuals at high risk.